Abstract

Burial is applied to dispose of livestock carcasses due to its convenience and cost efficiency despite concerns about groundwater contamination by leachate from burial pits. In particular, the burial method has caused debates about groundwater contamination sources around on-farm livestock burial sites because of pre- and coexisting contamination from livestock production and agriculture. To assess the causes of groundwater contamination around poultry burial pits that were constructed after an outbreak of avian influenza in 2010–11 in Korea, hydrochemical data of groundwater samples from monitoring wells (MWs, n = 14) and household wells (HWs, n = 30) were monitored to differentiate contamination sources. Hydrochemical data indicated that groundwater from MWs is characterized by higher enrichments of inorganic constituents including electrical conductivity (EC), NH₄, Ca, Mg, K, SO₄, HCO₃, Fe_(Total), and Mn_(Total), but lower concentrations of DO than groundwater from HWs. The combined use of the principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means cluster analysis (KCA) indicated that groundwater in seven MWs was affected by leachate. The parameters such as NH₄, Ca, Mg, K, SO₄, HCO₃, Fe_(Total), and Mn_(Total) are expected to be useful to identify the impact of leachate on groundwater in agricultural areas. This study suggests that (1) regional hydrochemical characteristics should be assessed to distinguish the effect of livestock burial leachate from other contamination sources and (2) the combined use of PCA and KCA is effective to identify the weakened impact of leachate leakage among overlapping multiple sources and processes of groundwater contamination.

中文翻译：

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使用水化学数据的多元统计分析，描述家禽掩埋场渗滤液对再生农牧业耕地中浅层地下水的影响

摘要

尽管人们担心埋葬场渗滤液会污染地下水，但由于其方便性和成本效益，埋葬法可用于处理牲畜尸体。尤其是，由于牲畜生产和农业造成的污染同时存在，因此埋葬方法引起了关于农场牲畜埋葬地点周围地下水污染源的争论。为了评估在2010-11年韩国爆发禽流感后建造的家禽掩埋场周围的地下水污染的原因，监测井（MWs，n  = 14）和家庭井（HWs，n）中地下水样品的水化学数据 = 30）被监测以区分污染源。水化学数据表明，MWs地下水的特征在于无机成分的富集度较高，包括电导率（EC），NH ₄，Ca，Mg，K，SO ₄，HCO ₃，Fe _（总计）和Mn _（总计）。地下水中溶解氧的浓度高于地下水。主成分分析（PCA）和K-均值聚类分析（KCA）的组合使用表明，渗滤液影响了7兆瓦的地下水。诸如NH ₄，Ca，Mg，K，SO ₄，HCO ₃，Fe _（总计）和Mn _{（总计）的参数}预期将有助于确定渗滤液对农业地区地下水的影响。这项研究表明，（1）应评估区域水化学特征以区分牲畜埋藏渗滤液与其他污染源的影响，（2）PCA和KCA的组合使用可有效识别重叠的多种来源之间渗滤液渗漏的减弱影响和地下水污染的过程。