This paper focuses on the frequency coded chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) wherein the tag's information bits are physically encoded by the resonators' notch position which has an effect on the frequency spectrum of the backscattered or retransmitted signal of the tag. In this regard, the notch analytical model is developed to consider the notch position and quality factor. Besides, the radar cross section (RCS) mathematical representation of the tag is introduced to consider the incident wave's polarization and orientation angles. Hence, the influences of the incident wave's orientation and polarization mismatches on the detection performance are quantified. After that, the tag measurement errors and limitations are comprehensively explained. Therefore, approaches to measureing RCS- and retransmission-based tags are introduced. Furthermore, the maximum reading range is theoretically calculated and practically verified considering the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Ultra Wideband (UWB) regulations. In all simulations and experiments conducted, a mono-static configuration is considered, in which one antenna is utilized for transmission and reception.

中文翻译：

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频率编码的无芯片RFID标签：陷波模型，检测，角度方向和覆盖率测量。

本文关注于频率编码的无芯片射频识别（RFID），其中标签的信息位由谐振器的陷波位置物理编码，这会影响标签的反向散射或重传信号的频谱。在这方面，开发了缺口分析模型以考虑缺口位置和品质因数。此外，引入了标签的雷达截面（RCS）数学表示形式，以考虑入射波的极化和取向角。因此，量化了入射波的取向和偏振失配对检测性能的影响。之后，全面解释标签测量的错误和局限性。因此，介绍了测量基于RCS和基于重传的标签的方法。此外，最大读取范围是根据联邦通信委员会（FCC）的超宽带（UWB）法规进行理论计算和实际验证的。在进行的所有模拟和实验中，均考虑了单静态配置，其中一个天线用于发送和接收。