The composition of quinoa proteins has hardly been studied. We here applied an Osborne type extraction procedure. High protein yield and little protein denaturation was obtained with extraction (2x) with water followed by extraction (2x) with 0.4 mol/l sodium chloride. Albumins, globulins, prolamins and glutelins accounted for 41–50, 7–11, 4–6 and 14–16% of the total protein of four quinoa cultivars, respectively. Protein extracts were separated by size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) with a sodium dodecyl sulfate containing elution medium. Electrophoretic separation followed by mass spectrometry allowed identifying the proteins in the Osborne type extracts. Aqueous extracts contained different chloroplastic and cytoplasmic enzymes as well as legumin-like and vicilin-like proteins. Dilute salt extracts mainly contained legumin-like proteins. Aqueous alcohol extracts contained small proteins while dilute base extracts proteins were similar to those present in the aqueous and dilute salt extracts. In one cultivar, only the monomer of the 11S globulin seed storage protein 2-like was observed while the other cultivars studied also contained its acidic and basic subunits separately. This SE-HPLC method allows analyzing food processing induced changes in quinoa protein extractability and size distribution.

藜麦蛋白质的组成几乎没有被研究过。我们在这里应用了Osborne类型提取过程。用水萃取（2x），然后用0.4 mol / l氯化钠萃取（2x），可获得高蛋白质收率和极少的蛋白质变性。白蛋白，球蛋白，谷醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白分别占四个藜麦总蛋白的41–50、7-11、4–6和14–16％。通过尺寸排阻高效液相色谱（SE-HPLC）用含有十二烷基硫酸钠的洗脱介质分离蛋白提取物。电泳分离后再进行质谱分析，可以鉴定奥斯本型提取物中的蛋白质。水提取物含有不同的叶绿素和细胞质酶，以及豆类蛋白和丝氨酸蛋白。稀盐提取物主要含有豆类蛋白。含水醇提取物含有小的蛋白质，而稀碱提取物的蛋白质与含水和稀盐提取物中的蛋白质相似。在一个品种中，仅观察到11S球蛋白种子贮藏蛋白2-like的单体，而研究的其他品种也分别包含其酸性和碱性亚基。这种SE-HPLC方法可以分析食品加工引起的藜麦蛋白提取率和大小分布的变化。仅观察到11S球蛋白种子贮藏蛋白2-like的单体，而研究的其他品种也分别含有其酸性和碱性亚基。这种SE-HPLC方法可以分析食品加工引起的藜麦蛋白质提取能力和大小分布的变化。仅观察到11S球蛋白种子贮藏蛋白2-like的单体，而研究的其他品种也分别含有其酸性和碱性亚基。这种SE-HPLC方法可以分析食品加工引起的藜麦蛋白提取率和大小分布的变化。