Lebanon has experienced several measles and mumps outbreaks in the past 20 years. In this article, a case-based surveillance of both measles and mumps outbreaks in Lebanon was carried out in an attempt to outline factors contributing to the failure of elimination plans and to provide potential solutions. The relationship between the outbreaks of both diseases was described and explored. A retrospective descriptive study of confirmed cases of measles and mumps in Lebanon between 2003 and 2018 collected from the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health Epidemiological Surveillance Unit public database was carried out. The information collected was graphically represented taking into consideration dates of reported cases, age groups affected, and vaccination status. The mean number of measles cases was 150.25 cases/year in the 1–4 years age group, 87 cases/year in individuals aging between 5 and 14, and 63.68 cases/year in those > 14 years old. In the latter group, only 18.05% were unvaccinated. The mean number of mumps cases was 30.4 cases/year in the < 4 year age group and 53.8 cases/year in the 10–19 years age group. During the study period, every spike in measles cases was followed by a similar spike in mumps. 9.66% of measles cases occurred in individuals who received at least 2 doses of the vaccine, 52.26% in the unvaccinated, and 38% in those whose vaccination status was undetermined. Measles in Lebanon is a disease of the pediatric population, but adults remain at risk. Outbreaks of mumps followed those of measles and were mainly among adolescents. Presence of a large number of Syrian refugees in the country may further complicate the situation. Vaccination activities need to be intensified.

中文翻译：

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黎巴嫩麻疹和腮腺炎疫情：趋势和联系。

黎巴嫩在过去20年中多次爆发麻疹和腮腺炎疫情。本文对黎巴嫩麻疹和腮腺炎疫情进行了基于病例的监测，试图概述导致消除计划失败的因素并提供潜在的解决方案。描述并探讨了两种疾病爆发之间的关系。对黎巴嫩公共卫生部流行病学监测部门公共数据库收集的2003年至2018年黎巴嫩麻疹和腮腺炎确诊病例进行了回顾性描述性研究。考虑到报告病例的日期、受影响的年龄组和疫苗接种状况，收集的信息以图形方式表示。1-4岁年龄组的麻疹病例平均数为150.25例/年，5-14岁组的麻疹病例数为87例/年，14岁以上人群的平均麻疹病例数为63.68例/年。在后一组中，只有 18.05% 未接种疫苗。< 4 岁年龄组的平均腮腺炎病例数为 30.4 例/年，10-19 岁组的平均腮腺炎病例数为 53.8 例/年。在研究期间，每次麻疹病例激增之后，腮腺炎病例也会出现类似的激增。9.66% 的麻疹病例发生在至少接种 2 剂疫苗的个体中，52.26% 的病例发生在未接种疫苗的个体中，38% 的病例发生在未接种疫苗的个体中。在黎巴嫩，麻疹是一种儿童疾病，但成年人仍然面临风险。流行性腮腺炎的爆发紧随麻疹之后，主要发生在青少年中。该国境内存在大量叙利亚难民可能会使局势进一步复杂化。需要加强疫苗接种活动。