Following its introduction into Georgia in 2007, African swine fever virus (ASFV) has become widespread on the European continent and in Asia. In many cases, the exact route of introduction into domestic pig herds cannot be determined, but most introductions are attributed to indirect virus transmission. In this review, we describe knowledge gained about different matrices that may allow introduction of the virus into pig herds. These matrices include uncooked pig meat, processed pig‐derived products, feed, matrices contaminated with the virus and blood‐feeding invertebrates. Knowledge gaps still exist, and both field studies and laboratory research are needed to enhance understanding of the risks for ASFV introductions, especially via virus‐contaminated materials, including bedding and feed, and via blood‐feeding, flying insects. Knowledge obtained from such studies can be applied to epidemiological risk assessments for the different transmission routes. Such assessments can be utilized to help predict the most effective biosecurity and control strategies.

中文翻译：

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非洲猪瘟病毒间接传播到家养猪群的潜在途径。

非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）在2007年被引入格鲁吉亚后，已在欧洲大陆和亚洲广泛传播。在许多情况下，无法确定引入家猪群的确切途径，但是大多数引入归因于间接病毒传播。在这篇综述中，我们描述了有关不同基质的知识，这些知识可能允许将病毒引入猪群。这些基质包括未煮熟的猪肉，加工过的猪衍生产品，饲料，被病毒污染的基质以及以血液喂养的无脊椎动物。知识鸿沟仍然存在，并且需要现场研究和实验室研究来加深对ASFV引进风险的理解，尤其是通过包括床上用品和饲料在内的受病毒污染的材料，以及通过昆虫的血液喂养来传播。从这些研究中获得的知识可以应用于不同传播途径的流行病学风险评估。这样的评估可以用来帮助预测最有效的生物安全和控制策略。