After reports from the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial evaluating estrogen plus progestin, there was a sudden, substantial, and sustained decrease in all categories of menopausal hormone therapy, and the first reduction in age‐adjusted breast cancer incidence in more than 20 years was seen in 2003‐2004 among US women 50 years of age or older. Subsequent trends in breast cancer incidence have been described, but most reports have not focused on the postmenopausal age group or fully engaged the potential influence of reduced hormone therapy on breast cancer incidence trends by race/ethnicity. To address this gap, this commentary examines trends for annual age‐adjusted breast cancer incidence over a 40‐year period from 1975 to 2015 for white and black women on the basis of findings from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 9 registries. Overall, the sharp decline in breast cancer incidence seen in 2003‐2004 was followed in the subsequent decade by a continued low breast cancer incidence plateau in white women that has largely persisted. In contrast, a new discordance between breast cancer incidence trends in black and white women has emerged. In the 2005‐2015 decade, a sustained increase in breast cancer incidence in black women has resulted in annual incidence rates comparable, for the first time, to those in white women. This commentary explores the hypothesis that the over‐decade‐long and discordant changes in breast cancer incidence rates in postmenopausal black and white women are, to a large extent, associated with changes in hormone therapy use in these 2 groups.

中文翻译：

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绝经后黑人和白人妇女绝经后激素治疗使用和乳腺癌发病率的四十年趋势。

在评估雌激素加孕激素的妇女健康倡议随机试验的报告后，所有类别的更年期激素治疗突然、实质性和持续下降，并且出现了 20 多年来年龄调整后乳腺癌发病率的首次下降2003 年至 2004 年，美国 50 岁或 50 岁以上女性。已经描述了乳腺癌发病率的后续趋势，但大多数报告没有关注绝经后年龄组，也没有充分考虑减少激素治疗对不同种族/民族的乳腺癌发病率趋势的潜在影响。为了弥补这一差距，本评论根据监测、流行病学、和最终结果 9 个注册表。总体而言，在 2003 年至 2004 年间乳腺癌发病率急剧下降之后，在接下来的十年中，白人女性的乳腺癌发病率一直处于低水平，并且在很大程度上持续存在。相比之下，黑人和白人女性的乳腺癌发病率趋势之间出现了新的不一致。在 2005 年至 2015 年的十年间，黑人女性乳腺癌发病率的持续上升导致年发病率首次与白人女性相媲美。这篇评论探讨了这样一种假设，即绝经后黑人和白人女性乳腺癌发病率的长达十年的不一致变化在很大程度上与这两组中激素治疗使用的变化有关。2003-2004 年乳腺癌发病率急剧下降之后，在接下来的十年中，白人女性的乳腺癌发病率一直处于低水平，并且在很大程度上持续存在。相比之下，黑人和白人女性的乳腺癌发病率趋势之间出现了新的不一致。在 2005 年至 2015 年的十年间，黑人女性乳腺癌发病率的持续上升导致年发病率首次与白人女性相媲美。这篇评论探讨了这样一种假设，即绝经后黑人和白人女性乳腺癌发病率的长达十年的不一致变化在很大程度上与这两组中激素治疗使用的变化有关。2003-2004 年乳腺癌发病率急剧下降之后，在接下来的十年中，白人女性的乳腺癌发病率一直处于低水平，并且在很大程度上持续存在。相比之下，黑人和白人女性的乳腺癌发病率趋势之间出现了新的不一致。在 2005 年至 2015 年的十年间，黑人女性乳腺癌发病率的持续上升导致年发病率首次与白人女性相媲美。这篇评论探讨了这样一种假设，即绝经后黑人和白人女性乳腺癌发病率的长达十年的不一致变化在很大程度上与这两组中激素治疗使用的变化有关。