Concerns over women's safety on public transport systems are commonly reported in the media. We develop statistical models to test for gender differences in the perception of safety and satisfaction on urban metros and buses by using large‐scale unique customer satisfaction data for 28 world cities over the period 2009–2018. Results indicate a significant gender gap in the perception of safety, with women being 10% more likely than men to feel unsafe in metros (6% for buses). This gender gap is larger for safety than for overall satisfaction (3% in metros and 2.5% in buses), which is consistent with safety being one dimension of overall satisfaction. Results are stable across specifications and robust to inclusion of city level and time controls. We find heterogeneous responses by sociodemographic characteristics. Data indicate that 45% of women feel secure in trains and metro stations (and 55% in buses). Thus the gender gap encompasses more differences in transport perception between men and women rather than an intrinsic network fear. Additional models test for the influence of metro characteristics on perceived safety levels and find that more acts of violence, larger carriages and emptier vehicles decrease women's feeling of safety.

中文翻译：

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公共交通安全观念上的性别差异

媒体普遍报道了对妇女在公共交通系统上安全的担忧。我们使用2009-2018年期间28个世界城市的大规模独特客户满意度数据，开发了统计模型，以测试城市地铁和公交车在安全性和满意度方面的性别差异。结果表明，在安全感方面存在明显的性别差距，女性在地铁中感到不安全的可能性比男性高10％（公交车为6％）。安全方面的性别差距大于总体满意度（地铁中为3％，公交车中为2.5％），这与安全性是总体满意度的一个方面是一致的。结果在各个规范中都很稳定，并且可以包含城市级别和时间控制。我们通过社会人口统计学特征发现异质性反应。数据表明，在火车和地铁站中有45％的女性感到安全（在公共汽车中则有55％）。因此，性别差距包括男人和女人之间在交通感知上的更多差异，而不是内在的网络恐惧。其他模型测试了地铁特性对感知的安全水平的影响，发现更多的暴力行为，较大的车厢和空车减少了女性的安全感。