This study proposes a comparison of different ex situ technologies aimed at the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from marine sediments in terms of performances, costs and energy balance. In accordance with the principles of water-energy nexus, anaerobic bioremediation, soil washing and thermal desorption were investigated under low liquid phase and temperature conditions using phenanthrene (PHE) as model compound. After 42 days of anaerobic bioremediation, the highest PHE biodegradation of 68 and 64% was observed under denitrifying and methanogenic conditions, respectively, accompanied by N₂ and CH₄ production and volatile fatty acid accumulation. During soil washing, more than 97% of PHE was removed after 60 min using a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3. Along the same treatment time, low-temperature thermal desorption (LTTD) allowed a PHE removal of 88% at 200 °C. The economic analysis indicated that LTTD resulted in a higher cost (i.e. 1782 € m⁻³) than bioremediation and soil washing (228 and 371 € m⁻³, respectively). The energy balance also suggested that bioremediation and soil washing are more sustainable technologies as a lower required energy (i.e. 16 and 14 kWh m⁻³, respectively) than LTTD (i.e. 417 kWh m⁻³) is needed.

这项研究提出了从性能，成本和能量平衡方面对旨在从海洋沉积物中去除多环芳烃的各种异地技术进行比较。根据水能关系原理，以菲（PHE）为模型化合物，在低液相温度条件下研究了厌氧生物修复，土壤洗涤和热脱附。厌氧生物修复42天后，在反硝化和产甲烷条件下，分别伴随N ₂和CH ₄观察到最高的PHE生物降解率分别为68％和64％。生产和挥发性脂肪酸积累。在土壤洗涤过程中，固液比为1：3，在60分钟后去除了超过97％的PHE。在相同的处理时间下，低温热脱附（LTTD）可以在200°C下去除88％的PHE。经济分析表明，LTTD导致更高的成本（即1782€米^-3比生物修复和土壤洗涤（228和371€米）^-3分别）。能量平衡还表明，生物修复和土壤冲洗是更可持续的技术，因为所需能量（分别为16和14 kWh m ^-3）比LTTD（即417 kWh m ^-3）更低。