Abstract In this study, two donor–acceptor (D–A)-type conjugated polymers, namely PQSeCz and PQSeFl, were designed and synthesized. Selenophene was incorporated as the π -bridge and quinoxaline as an acceptor unit, while carbazole and fluorene were used as the donor units. Polymers were synthesized via palladium-catalyzed Suzuki polymerization reaction. All molecules were characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The weight and number average molecular weights of the two polymers were determined by gel permeation chromatography. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterizations of the polymers were performed to investigate their optoelectronic properties. Oxidation potentials were 1.15 V/0.82 V and 1.11 V/0.82 V for PQSeCz and PQSeFl, respectively, while reduction potentials were − 1.26 V/− 1.14 V and − 1.48 V/− 1.20 V, respectively. In the visible region, maximum absorption wavelengths for the two polymers were 551 nm and 560 nm, respectively. Optical band gaps ( E g op ) were found from the lowest energy π – π ∗ transition onsets as 1.67 eV for PQSeCz and 1.51 eV for PQSeFl, respectively. Both polymers showed good solubility in common solvents. Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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含硒酚的低带隙共轭聚合物：通过芴和咔唑作为供体部分调节光电性能

摘要 在本研究中，设计并合成了两种供体-受体 (D-A) 型共轭聚合物，即 PQSeCz 和 PQSeFl。硒酚作为 π 桥，喹喔啉作为受体单元，而咔唑和芴用作供体单元。聚合物是通过钯催化的 Suzuki 聚合反应合成的。所有分子均通过 1 H 和 13 C NMR 光谱表征。两种聚合物的重量和数均分子量通过凝胶渗透色谱法测定。对聚合物进行电化学和光谱电化学表征以研究它们的光电特性。PQSeCz 和 PQSeFl 的氧化电位分别为 1.15 V/0.82 V 和 1.11 V/0.82 V，而还原电位为 − 1.26 V/− 1.14 V 和 − 1.48 V/− 1.20 V，分别。在可见光区，两种聚合物的最大吸收波长分别为 551 nm 和 560 nm。从最低能量 π – π * 跃迁起始点发现光学带隙 (E g op ) 分别为 PQSeCz 的 1.67 eV 和 PQSeFl 的 1.51 eV。两种聚合物在常见溶剂中均表现出良好的溶解性。图形概要