Since there are several diverse landraces across Iran, screening the landraces with high production may lead to finding superior genotype(s) for the future conventional breeding programs. Thus, the aims of this study was to investigate the variation of oil content, yield, and profile of fatty acids in Iranian landraces of Nigella sativa L. Seed yield, oil content and oil yield significantly differed among landraces. The highest seed and oil yields were obtained from Semirom (1250 and 332 kg ha⁻¹). Twelve different fatty acids were detected. Linoleic acid (18:2) had the highest concentration in oil of N. sativa landraces with a range of 48–55 %. After linoleic acid, oleic (18:2) and palmitic (16:0) acids, with an average of 22 and 13 %, accounted for the highest percentage of seed oil compared with the other fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids (∑SFA) was significantly different among the landraces and included 19–22 % and 21–24 % of total fatty acids. Double bond index (DBI) was significantly different among landraces and ranged between 136.5–145.3 in 2018 and 127.5–134.5 in 2019. The Gardmiran landrace had the highest Iodine value (IV) (111.7, an average of two years) and Khaf landrace had the lowest IV (105.7, in average of two years) compared with the other landraces. Cluster analysis indicated that the landraces can be divided into three groups; (1) high yield (>1000 kg ha^-1 seeds and >250 kg ha⁻¹ oil), (2) medium yield (700–1000 kg ha⁻¹ seeds and 190–250 kg ha⁻¹ oil), and low yield (<700 kg ha⁻¹ seeds and <190 kg ha⁻¹ oil) landraces. Iranian landraces were similar in fatty acid compositions and conventional breeding methods may not be a good choice to improve a special fatty acid. However, a large variations existed in seed and oil yield among the landraces for the future conventional breeding programs.

由于伊朗各地有几种不同的地方品种，筛选高产的地方品种可能会导致为未来的常规育种计划寻找更好的基因型。因此，本研究的目的是调查伊朗Nigella sativa L地方种的油含量，产量和脂肪酸谱的变化。各地方种的种子产量，油含量和油含量差异显着。从Semirom（1250和332 kg ha ^-1）获得最高的种子和油料产量。检测到十二种不同的脂肪酸。亚油酸（18：2）具有在油的最高浓度N.苜蓿地方品种范围为48-55％。亚油酸之后，油酸（18：2）和棕榈酸（16：0）的平均含量分别为22％和13％，与其他脂肪酸相比，占种子油的最高百分比。地方脂肪酸之间的饱和脂肪酸（∑SFA）显着不同，分别占总脂肪酸的19–22％和21–24％。双键指数（DBI）在各个地方品种之间存在显着差异，介于2018年的136.5–145.3和2019年的127.5–134.5之间。加德米兰地方品种的碘值（IV）最高（111.7，平均两年），而Khaf地方品种的碘值最高。与其他地方品种相比，IV最低（平均105.7，平均两年）。聚类分析表明，地方品种可分为三类。（1）高产（> 1000 kg ha ^-1种子和> 250 kg ha ^-1（2）中型（700–1000 kg ha ^-1种子和190–250 kg ha ^-1油）和低产量（<700 kg ha ^-1种子且<190 kg ha ^-1油）地方品种。伊朗地方品种的脂肪酸组成相似，常规育种方法可能不是改善特殊脂肪酸的好选择。但是，对于未来的常规育种计划，各地方种之间的种子和油料产量存在很大差异。