OBJECTIVE To characterize generalized spike-wave paroxysms (GSW) in children with generalized genetic epilepsy (GGE). METHODS We annotated 15-19 channel scalp EEGs from a retrospective cohort from patients with a variety of GGE syndromes. Connectivity, entropy, frequency, power, spike-amplitudes were compared with a normal baseline activity and analyzed for the effect of age and sex. Cluster analysis was used to group spike-topographies between patients. RESULTS In total, 864 GSWs from 100 patients aged 2-18 were analyzed. Age had a significant effect on peak frequency, entropy and connectivity. Female sex was associated with significantly higher probability of positive responsiveness to photic stimulation (OR 4.28, CI [1.65, 11.73], p = 0.0036). Entropy decreases significantly during GSW (D = -0.29, CI [-0.31, -0.27], p ≪ 0.0001) and connectivity significantly increases (D = 0.39, CI [0.36, 0.40], p ≪ 0.0001). Within patient spike-voltage maps exhibit remarkable consistency between spikes. Spike-topographies cluster together to predict age, connectivity and entropy. CONCLUSIONS A quantitative characterization is possible and reveals significant relationships between age, sex and spike characteristics and multidimensional EEG features. SIGNIFICANCE Quantitative GSW characterization can capture aspects from traditional qualitative GSW analysis while being unaffected by intra- and interrater variation and this may be useful for multidimensional predictors of patient outcomes in GGE in the future.

中文翻译：

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遗传性全身性癫痫棘波波阵发的数量特征

目的 表征全身性遗传性癫痫 (GGE) 儿童的全身棘波发作 (GSW)。方法 我们对来自各种 GGE 综合征患者的回顾性队列的 15-19 通道头皮 EEG 进行了注释。将连通性、熵、频率、功率、尖峰振幅与正常基线活动进行比较，并分析年龄和性别的影响。聚类分析用于对患者之间的尖峰地形进行分组。结果 总共分析了 100 名 2-18 岁患者的 864 名 GSW。年龄对峰值频率、熵和连通性有显着影响。女性对光刺激的阳性反应概率显着更高（OR 4.28，CI [1.65, 11.73]，p = 0.0036）。熵在 GSW 期间显着降低（D = -0.29，CI [-0.31，-0.27]，p ≪ 0。0001) 和连通性显着增加 (D = 0.39, CI [0.36, 0.40], p ≪ 0.0001)。在患者尖峰电压图中，尖峰之间表现出显着的一致性。尖峰形貌聚集在一起以预测年龄、连通性和熵。结论 定量表征是可能的，它揭示了年龄、性别和尖峰特征与多维 EEG 特征之间的显着关系。意义 定量 GSW 表征可以捕捉传统定性 GSW 分析的各个方面，同时不受人内和人际变化的影响，这可能对未来 GGE 中患者结果的多维预测有用。尖峰形貌聚集在一起以预测年龄、连通性和熵。结论 定量表征是可能的，它揭示了年龄、性别和尖峰特征与多维 EEG 特征之间的显着关系。意义 定量 GSW 表征可以捕捉传统定性 GSW 分析的各个方面，同时不受人内和人际变化的影响，这可能对未来 GGE 中患者结果的多维预测有用。尖峰形貌聚集在一起以预测年龄、连通性和熵。结论 定量表征是可能的，它揭示了年龄、性别和尖峰特征与多维 EEG 特征之间的显着关系。意义 定量 GSW 表征可以捕捉传统定性 GSW 分析的各个方面，同时不受人内和人际变化的影响，这可能对未来 GGE 中患者结果的多维预测有用。