Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an efficient approach for cancer treatment. However, accurately monitoring the spatial distribution of photothermal transducing agents (PTAs) and mapping the real-time temperature change in tumor and peritumoral normal tissue remain a huge challenge. Here, we propose an innovative strategy to integrate T₁-MRI for precisely tracking PTAs with magnetic resonance temperature imaging (MRTI) for real-time monitoring temperature change in vivo during PTT. NaBiF₄: Gd@PDA@PEG nanomaterials were synthesized with favorable T₁-weighted performance to target tumor and localize PTAs. The extremely weak susceptibility (1.04 × 10^–6 emu g^–1 Oe^1–) of NaBiF₄: Gd@PDA@PEG interferes with the local phase marginally, which maintains the capability of MRTI to dynamically record real-time temperature change in tumor and peritumoral normal tissue. The time resolution is 19 s per frame, and the detection precision of temperature change is approximately 0.1 K. The approach achieving PTT guided by multimode MRI holds significant potential for the clinical application.

中文翻译：

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在MR成像引导下的PTT期间进行准确和实时的温度监控

光热疗法（PTT）是一种有效的癌症治疗方法。然而，准确监测光热转导剂（PTA）的空间分布并绘制肿瘤和肿瘤周围正常组织中实时温度变化图仍然是巨大的挑战。在这里，我们提出了一种创新策略，将T ₁ -MRI与磁共振温度成像（MRTI）集成在一起以精确跟踪PTA，以实时监控PTT体内的温度变化。NaBiF ₄：Gd @ PDA @ PEG纳米材料合成具有良好的T ₁加权性能，靶向肿瘤和定位PTA。极弱的磁化率（1.04×10 ^–6 emu g ^–1 Oe ^1–NaBiF _4）：Gd @ PDA @ PEG轻微干扰局部相，这保持了MRTI动态记录肿瘤和肿瘤周围正常组织中实时温度变化的能力。时间分辨率为每帧19 s，温度变化的检测精度约为0.1K。在多模式MRI指导下实现PTT的方法在临床应用中具有巨大潜力。