Special surface wettability attracts significant attention. In this study, dramatic differences in wettability are demonstrated for microparticles with the same chemical composition, SiO2. One is natural silica prepared from the diatom, Melosira nummuloides, and the other is synthetic silica. We found that surface properties of synthetic silica are hydro- and hemophobic. However, diatom frustule silica exhibits superhydrophilicity and even superhemophilicity. Interestingly, such superhydrophilicity of natural silica is not solely originated from nanoporous structures of diatoms but from the synergy of high-density silanol anions and the nanoarchitecture. Furthermore, the observation of superhemophilicity of natural silica is also an interesting finding, because not all superhydrophilic surfaces show superhemophilicity. We demonstrate that superhemowettability is a fundamental principle for developing micropowder-based hemostatic materials despite existing hemorrhaging studies using diatoms.

中文翻译：

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硅藻壳二氧化硅具有超亲水性和超亲血性。

特殊的表面润湿性引起了极大的关注。在这项研究中，证明了具有相同化学成分SiO2的微粒在润湿性方面的巨大差异。一种是由硅藻Melosira nummuloides制备的天然二氧化硅，另一种是合成二氧化硅。我们发现合成二氧化硅的表面性质具有疏水性和疏水性。然而，硅藻壳二氧化硅具有超亲水性，甚至超血亲性。有趣的是，天然二氧化硅的这种超亲水性不仅源自硅藻的纳米孔结构，而且源自高密度硅烷醇阴离子与纳米结构的协同作用。此外，观察天然二氧化硅的超亲血性也是一个有趣的发现，因为并非所有超亲水性表面都显​​示出超亲血性。