Practitioners are continuing to develop egress modelling software for the design of the built environment. These models require data about human behaviour and factors for calibration, validation and verification. This study aims to address the specific data and knowledge gap: emergency egress of the elderly. Such data are difficult to collect given privacy and consent concerns, with strong relationships generally being required between residences and researchers. Through the observation of nine fire drills at six Canadian long‐term care (LTC) and retirement homes, specific evacuation actions and behaviour were observed for 37 staff members and information about the evacuation of 56 residents was collected. These drills demonstrated that emergency egress in LTC and retirement homes is highly staff dependent with 72% of residents recorded requiring full assistance at all stages of movement in evacuation, and that the type of announced/unannounced drill and level of resident care will affect the type of data collected. The development of travel speed and pre‐movement is discussed subject to limitation with qualitative behavioural insights of residents that were observed. This study provides valuable methodological discussion on how to conduct behavioural studies in similar highly restricted research environments. Specific attention is given to understanding the considerations that must be made when using fire drills as data sources, and the impact that these can have on using such data for modelling. This study may inform the initial setup and programming of evacuation models from an actions and behavioural perspectives of staff members and residents.

中文翻译：

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老人院紧急情况下的紧急出口

从业者正在继续开发用于构建环境设计的出口建模软件。这些模型需要有关人类行为和因素的数据，以进行校准，验证和验证。这项研究旨在解决特定的数据和知识差距：老年人的紧急出口。考虑到隐私和同意的问题，此类数据很难收集，住宅和研究人员之间通常需要牢固的关系。通过对加拿大六个长期护理（LTC）和退休之家进行的九次消防演习的观察，观察到了37名工作人员的具体疏散行动和行为，并收集了有关56名居民疏散的信息。这些演习表明，LTC和养老院的紧急出口高度依赖员工，据记录，有72％的居民在疏散的所有运动阶段均需要全力协助，并且已宣布/未宣布的演习类型和居民护​​理水平将影响该类型。收集的数据。讨论了行进速度和出行前的发展，但要以观察到的定性行为见解为限。这项研究提供了关于如何在类似的高度受限研究环境中进行行为研究的有价值的方法论讨论。特别注意理解使用防火练习作为数据源时必须考虑的因素，以及这些因素对使用此类数据进行建模可能产生的影响。