In theory the most powerful technique for functional localization in cognitive neuroscience, lesion-deficit mapping is in practice distorted by unmodelled network disconnections and strong ‘parasitic’ dependencies between collaterally damaged ischaemic areas. High-dimensional multivariate modelling can overcome these defects, but only at the cost of commonly impracticable data scales. Here we develop lesion-deficit mapping with metabolic lesions—discrete areas of hypometabolism typically seen on interictal ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging in patients with focal epilepsy—that inherently capture disconnection effects, and whose structural dependence patterns are sufficiently benign to allow the derivation of robust functional anatomical maps with modest data. In this cross-sectional study of 159 patients with widely distributed focal cortical impairments, we derive lesion-deficit maps of a broad range of psychological subdomains underlying affect and cognition. We demonstrate the potential clinical utility of the approach in guiding therapeutic resection for focal epilepsy or other neurosurgical indications by applying high-dimensional modelling to predict out-of-sample verbal IQ and depression from cortical metabolism alone.

中文翻译：

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代谢损伤缺损的人类认知图谱。

理论上，认知神经科学中功能定位最强大的技术是，病变缺损映射实际上因未建模的网络断开和附带损害的缺血区域之间强烈的“寄生”依赖性而失真。高维多元建模可以克服这些缺陷，但仅以通常不可行的数据规模为代价。在这里，我们开发了具有代谢性病变的病变缺损图谱-离散性低代谢区域，通常见于小间隔¹⁸局灶性癫痫患者中的F-氟脱氧葡萄糖PET成像固有地捕获断开连接效应，并且其结构依赖性模式足够良性，以允许使用适度的数据得出功能强大的功能解剖图。在这项对159例局灶性皮层损害广泛分布的患者的横断面研究中，我们得出了影响和认知的广泛心理亚域的病损图。我们通过应用高维模型来预测样本外言语智商和仅来自皮质代谢的抑郁症，证明了该方法在指导局灶性癫痫或其他神经外科适应症的治疗性切除中的潜在临床实用性。