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Comparison of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Procedures for Water Demand Reconstruction
Water ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 , DOI: 10.3390/w12030922
Diana Fiorillo , Enrico Creaco , Francesco De Paola , Maurizio Giugni

This paper presents a comparison between two procedures for the generation of water demand time series at both single user and nodal scales, a top-down and a bottom-up procedure respectively. Both procedures are made up of two phases. The top-down procedure adopted includes a non-parametric disaggregation based on the K-nearest neighbours approach. Therefore, once the temporal aggregated water demand patterns have been defined (first phase), the disaggregation is used to generate water demand time series at lower levels of spatial aggregation (second phase). In the bottom-up procedure adopted, demand time series for each user and for each time step are generated applying a beta probability distribution with tunable bounds or a gamma distribution with shift parameter (first phase). Then, a Copula based re-sort is applied to the demand time series generated to impose existing rank cross-correlations between users and at all temporal lags (second phase). For the sake of comparison, two case studies were considered, both of which are related to a smart water network in Naples (Italy). The results obtained show that the bottom-up procedure performs significantly better than the top-down procedure in terms of rank-cross correlations at fine scale. However, the top-down procedure showed a better performance in terms of skewness and rank cross-correlation when the aggregated demands were considered. Finally, the level of aggregation in nodes was found to affect the performance of both the procedures considered.

中文翻译:

需水重建自下而上和自上而下程序的比较

本文介绍了在单用户和节点尺度上生成需水时间序列的两种程序之间的比较,分别是自上而下和自下而上的程序。这两个过程都由两个阶段组成。采用的自上而下的程序包括基于 K 最近邻方法的非参数分解。因此,一旦定义了时间聚合需水模式(第一阶段),分解用于生成较低空间聚合水平的需水时间序列(第二阶段)。在采用的自下而上程序中,应用具有可调边界的 beta 概率分布或具有偏移参数的 gamma 分布(第一阶段)生成每个用户和每个时间步长的需求时间序列。然后,将基于 Copula 的重新排序应用于生成的需求时间序列,以在用户和所有时间滞后(第二阶段)之间强加现有的等级互相关。为了进行比较,我们考虑了两个案例研究,这两个案例都与那不勒斯(意大利)的智能供水网络有关。获得的结果表明,在精细尺度的秩互相关方面,自下而上的过程明显优于自上而下的过程。然而,当考虑聚合需求时,自上而下的程序在偏度和等级互相关方面表现出更好的性能。最后,发现节点中的聚合水平会影响所考虑的两个过程的性能。为了进行比较,我们考虑了两个案例研究,这两个案例都与那不勒斯(意大利)的智能供水网络有关。获得的结果表明,在精细尺度的秩互相关方面,自下而上的过程明显优于自上而下的过程。然而,当考虑聚合需求时,自上而下的程序在偏度和等级互相关方面表现出更好的性能。最后,发现节点中的聚合水平会影响所考虑的两个过程的性能。为了进行比较,我们考虑了两个案例研究,这两个案例都与那不勒斯(意大利)的智能供水网络有关。获得的结果表明,在精细尺度的秩互相关方面,自下而上的过程明显优于自上而下的过程。然而,当考虑聚合需求时,自上而下的程序在偏度和等级互相关方面表现出更好的性能。最后,发现节点中的聚合水平会影响所考虑的两个过程的性能。当考虑聚合需求时,自上而下的程序在偏度和等级互相关方面表现出更好的性能。最后,发现节点中的聚合水平会影响所考虑的两个过程的性能。当考虑聚合需求时,自上而下的程序在偏度和等级互相关方面表现出更好的性能。最后,发现节点中的聚合水平会影响所考虑的两个过程的性能。
更新日期:2020-03-24
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