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Transcriptional Profiles Associated with Marek's Disease Virus in Bursa and Spleen Lymphocytes Reveal Contrasting Immune Responses during Early Cytolytic Infection.
Viruses ( IF 5.818 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-23 , DOI: 10.3390/v12030354
Huan Jin 1, 2 , Zimeng Kong 1, 2, 3 , Arslan Mehboob 1, 2 , Bo Jiang 1, 2 , Jian Xu 1, 2 , Yunhong Cai 1, 2 , Wenxiao Liu 1, 2 , Jiabing Hong 1, 2, 3 , Yongqing Li 1, 2
Affiliation  

Marek's disease virus (MDV), an alpha herpes virus, causes a lymphoproliferative state in chickens known as Marek's disease (MD), resulting in severe monetary losses to the poultry industry. Because lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricius and spleen are prime targets of MDV replication during the early cytolytic phase of infection, the immune response in bursa and spleen should be the foundation of late immunity induced by MDV. However, the mechanism of the MDV-mediated host immune response in lymphocytes in the early stage is poorly understood. The present study is primarily aimed at identifying the crucial genes and significant pathways involved in the immune response of chickens infected with MDV CVI988 and the very virulent RB1B (vvRB1B) strains. Using the RNA sequencing approach, we analyzed the generated transcriptomes from lymphocytes isolated from chicken bursa and spleen. Our findings validated the expression of previously characterized genes; however, they also revealed the expression of novel genes during the MDV-mediated immune response. The results showed that after challenge with CVI988 or vvRB1B strains, 634 and 313 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in splenic lymphocytes, respectively. However, 58 and 47 DEGs were observed in bursal lymphocytes infected with CVI988 and vvRB1B strains, respectively. Following MDV CVI988 or vvRB1B challenge, the bursal lymphocytes displayed changes in IL-6 and IL-4 gene expression. Surprisingly, splenic lymphocytes exhibited an overwhelming alteration in the expression of cytokines and cytokine receptors involved in immune response signaling. On the other hand, there was no distinct trend between infection with CVI988 and vvRB1B and the expression of cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-10, IFN-γ, STAT1, IRF1, CCL19, and CCL26. However, the expression profiles of IL-1β, IL-6, IL8L1, CCL4 (GGCL1), and CCL5 were significantly upregulated in splenic lymphocytes from chickens infected with CVI988 compared with those of chickens infected with vvRB1B. Because these cytokines and chemokines are considered to be associated with B cell activation and antigenic signal transduction to T cells, they may indicate differences of immune responses initiated by vaccinal and virulent strains during the early phase of infection. Collectively, our study provides valuable data on the transcriptional landscape using high-throughput sequencing to understand the different mechanism between vaccine-mediated protection and pathogenesis of virulent MDV in vivo.

中文翻译:

囊性囊炎和脾淋巴细胞中与马立克氏病病毒相关的转录特征揭示了早期细胞溶解感染期间不同的免疫反应。

马立克氏病病毒(MDV)是一种α疱疹病毒,在鸡体内引起淋巴增生,称为马立克氏病(MD),给家禽业造成严重的金钱损失。由于Fabiusius和脾脏的滑囊的淋巴细胞是感染初期溶细胞阶段MDV复制的主要目标,因此,burs和脾脏的免疫应答应该是MDV诱导的后期免疫的基础。然而,早期阶段淋巴细胞中MDV介导的宿主免疫反应的机制了解甚少。本研究的主要目的是鉴定感染MDV CVI988和极强毒的RB1B(vvRB1B)株的鸡的免疫应答所涉及的关键基因和重要途径。使用RNA测序方法,我们分析了从鸡法氏囊和脾脏分离的淋巴细胞生成的转录组。我们的发现验证了先前表征的基因的表达。然而,他们还揭示了在MDV介导的免疫反应中新基因的表达。结果表明,在用CVI988或vvRB1B菌株攻击后,在脾淋巴细胞中分别鉴定出634和313个差异表达基因(DEG)。然而,在感染了CVI988和vvRB1B株的法氏囊淋巴细胞中分别观察到了58和47个DEG。在MDV CVI988或vvRB1B攻击后,法氏囊淋巴细胞显示IL-6和IL-4基因表达发生变化。令人惊讶地,脾淋巴细胞在涉及免疫应答信号传导的细胞因子和细胞因子受体的表达中显示出压倒性的变化。另一方面,CVI988和vvRB1B感染与IL-10,IFN-γ,STAT1,IRF1,CCL19和CCL26等细胞因子和趋化因子的表达之间没有明显的趋势。但是,与vvRB1B感染的鸡相比,CVI988感染的鸡的脾淋巴细胞中IL-1β,IL-6,IL8L1,CCL4(GGCL1)和CCL5的表达显着上调。因为这些细胞因子和趋化因子被认为与B细胞活化和抗原信号转导至T细胞有关,所以它们可能表明在感染的早期阶段,疫苗和强毒株引发的免疫反应有所不同。总的来说,
更新日期:2020-03-24
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