Lead-free 0.94Bi0.50Na0.50TiO3–0.06Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3–xmol%Bi2FeCrO6 ceramics, with x = 0–0.021 (BNT–BCTZ–xBFCO), were calcined at 650 °C for 2 h and sintered at 1150 °C for 2 h using the solid-state combustion technique. The effect of BFCO content (x) on the phase formation, microstructure, electrical and magnetic properties was studied. The sintered pellets exhibited a pure perovskite phase with the coexistence of rhombohedral (R3c) and tetragonal (P4bm) phases in all the studied compositions. The percentage of R3c increased as x increased from 0 to 0.013, before decreasing, as obtained from the Rietveld refinement analysis (Fullprof). A morphotropic phase boundary of BNT–BCTZ–xBFCO ceramics was observed at x = 0.013, and the ratio between the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases of this composition was 51.0:49.0. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed polyhedral-shaped grains whose average size increased with increase in the BFCO content (x). The appropriate amount of BFCO doped into BNT–BCTZ ceramics enhanced the electrical, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. At optimum doping (x = 0.013), the sample exhibited the highest relative density (98.2%), a high dielectric constant (εR = 1572 and εm = 5137), maximum remanent polarization (Pr = 42.41 µC/cm2), low coercive field (Ec = 33.57 kV/cm), maximum piezoelectric coefficient (d33 = 241 pC/N) and the highest normalized strain (d33∗\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ d_{33}^{*} $$\end{document} = Smax/Emax = 765 pm/V). These improvements to BNT–BCTZ make the ceramic a potential candidate for use in capacitors, sensors and actuators. The magnetic properties also changed with different BFCO content (x). The sample with x = 0 showed diamagnetic behavior, while the samples with 0.003 ≤ x ≤ 0.021 exhibited a paramagnetic behavior with higher magnetization at higher BFCO content.

中文翻译：

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固相燃烧技术制备的掺杂Bi2FeCrO6的0.94Bi0.50Na0.50TiO3–0.06Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3陶瓷的相形成、微观结构、电学和磁学性能

无铅 0.94Bi0.50Na0.50TiO3–0.06Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3–xmol%Bi2FeCrO6 陶瓷，x = 0–0.021 (BNT–BCTZ–xBFCO)，在 62h 和 62 ℃下煅烧使用固态燃烧技术在 1150°C 下烧结 2 小时。研究了 BFCO 含量 (x) 对相形成、微观结构、电学和磁学性能的影响。烧结球团呈现出纯钙钛矿相，在所有研究的组合物中均存在菱形 (R3c) 和四方 (P4bm) 相。R3c 的百分比随着 x 从 0 增加到 0.013 增加，然后减少，如从 Rietveld 精修分析 (Fullprof) 中获得的。在 x = 0.013 处观察到 BNT-BCTZ-xBFCO 陶瓷的同形相界，该组合物的菱形相和四方相之间的比率为 51.0:49.0。扫描电子显微镜分析显示多面体形晶粒，其平均尺寸随着 BFCO 含量 (x) 的增加而增加。将适量的 BFCO 掺杂到 BNT-BCTZ 陶瓷中可以增强电学、铁电和压电性能。在最佳掺杂 (x = 0.013) 下，样品表现出最高的相对密度 (98.2%)、高介电常数 (εR = 1572 和 εm = 5137)、最大剩余极化 (Pr = 42.41 µC/cm2)、低矫顽场(Ec = 33.57 kV/cm)，最大压电系数 (d33 = 241 pC/N) 和最高归一化应变 (d33∗\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{ amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ d_{33}^{*} $$\end{document} = Smax/Emax = 765 pm/V)。BNT-BCTZ 的这些改进使陶瓷成为用于电容器、传感器和执行器的潜在候选者。磁性也随着 BFCO 含量 (x) 的不同而变化。x = 0 的样品表现出抗磁行为，而 0.003 ≤ x ≤ 0.021 的样品表现出顺磁行为，在更高的 BFCO 含量下具有更高的磁化强度。传感器和执行器。磁性也随着 BFCO 含量 (x) 的不同而变化。x = 0 的样品表现出抗磁行为，而 0.003 ≤ x ≤ 0.021 的样品表现出顺磁行为，在更高的 BFCO 含量下具有更高的磁化强度。传感器和执行器。磁性也随着 BFCO 含量 (x) 的不同而变化。x = 0 的样品表现出抗磁行为，而 0.003 ≤ x ≤ 0.021 的样品表现出顺磁行为，在更高的 BFCO 含量下具有更高的磁化强度。