This paper quantified the level of heavy metals contamination, identified possible sources of pollution, and assessed the human health risks associated with drinking water resources in Ojoto Province, Nigeria. The study’s gross findings revealed that the suitability of some water sources for consumption purposes in this province is questionable. Based on water quality index, 57.14% of the total samples are within acceptable limits, while 42.86% are unsuitable for drinking. It was observed that the northwestern and southern parts of the study area have more of deteriorated water quality. The health hazard index revealed that 25% of the samples predispose their consumers (both adult and children populations) to high chronic health risks. Moreover, heavy metal pollution index, contamination index, and probability of cancer risk (CR) revealed that about 25% of the total samples were unsuitable and off the CR standard acceptable range of ≤ 1 × 10⁻⁶–1 × 10⁻⁴. Correlation and component factor analyses linked the origin of major ions to geogenic processes and that of the heavy metals to both natural and anthropogenic processes. Cluster analysis divided the samples into two equal classes (50% each): poor and excellent quality waters. This study indicated that Pb is the priority pollutant impacting the water quality. The various assessments revealed that waters from hand-dug wells and deeper boreholes are the least contaminated and hence best suited for drinking than waters from springs, streams, and shallow wells.

中文翻译：

---

尼日利亚东南部奥霍托省的化学计量学分析，用于污染源识别和水资源人类健康风险评估

本文量化了重金属污染的水平，确定了可能的污染源，并评估了尼日利亚奥霍托省与饮用水资源相关的人类健康风险。该研究的总体发现表明，该省某些水资源是否适合用于消费目的值得怀疑。根据水质指数，总样本中的57.14％在可接受的范围内，而42.86％的样本不适合饮用。据观察，研究区的西北和南部地区水质恶化的可能性更大。健康危害指数显示，有25％的样本使他们的消费者（成人和儿童）容易遭受高度的慢性健康风险。此外，重金属污染指数，污染指数，^-6 –1×10 ^-4。相关性和成分因子分析将主要离子的来源与地质过程联系在一起，将重金属的来源与自然和人为过程联系在一起。聚类分析将样品分为两个相等的类别（各占50％）：劣质水和优质水。这项研究表明，铅是影响水质的主要污染物。各种评估表明，与来自泉水，溪流和浅井的水相比，来自手挖井和较深的井眼的水污染最少，因此最适合饮用。