Abstract A buck-based, isolated, high-voltage-ratio DC/DC converter that allows supplying a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer from a micro-wind energy conversion system ( μ WECS) has been recently presented. It exhibits low ripple at the switching frequency on the output voltage and current and represents an attractive solution for low-cost hydrogen production. In this paper, a more accurate mathematical model of such a converter is derived and discussed. Then, a model-based robust controller is designed in the frequency domain using the Internal Model Control structure and in the context of H 2 ∕ H ∞ optimal control. The controller satisfies the condition of robust stability and behavior, i.e., it guarantees stability and the desired behavior in the presence of parametric variations and unmodeled dynamics. In particular, the robustness in the presence of variations of DC-link voltage and buck input inductance is verified from the theoretical point of view. The validation of the controller is performed by integrating it into a detailed switching model of the DC/DC converter, which is implemented on a widely used circuit-oriented simulator. Good results are obtained in terms of dynamic and steady-state behavior, even in the presence of the above variations. A comparison is also carried out with the results obtained using an integral controller designed on the basis of the above mathematical model. Such a comparison shows the superiority of the robust controller over the integral controller in all the operating conditions, especially when the DC-link voltage is subject to significant variations and is affected by a non-negligible low-frequency ripple due to the presence of the diode rectifier at the output of the μ WECS.

中文翻译：

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由μWECSs提供的受高度波动风速影响的DC/DC转换器-电解槽系统的鲁棒控制器设计

摘要 最近提出了一种基于降压的、隔离的、高电压比 DC/DC 转换器，该转换器允许从微风能转换系统 (μ WECS) 向质子交换膜 (PEM) 电解槽供电。它在输出电压和电流的开关频率下表现出低纹波，是低成本制氢的有吸引力的解决方案。在本文中，推导出并讨论了这种转换器的更准确的数学模型。然后，在频域中使用内部模型控制结构和在 H 2 ∕ H ∞ 最优控制的背景下设计了基于模型的鲁棒控制器。控制器满足鲁棒稳定性和行为的条件，即在存在参数变化和未建模动态的情况下，它保证稳定性和所需的行为。特别是，从理论角度验证了存在直流链路电压和降压输入电感变化时的稳健性。控制器的验证是通过将其集成到 DC/DC 转换器的详细开关模型中来执行的，该模型在广泛使用的面向电路的模拟器上实现。即使在存在上述变化的情况下，在动态和稳态行为方面也获得了良好的结果。还与使用基于上述数学模型设计的积分控制器获得的结果进行了比较。这样的比较表明鲁棒控制器在所有操作条件下都优于积分控制器，