Employing zinc sulfate solution obtained from zinc oxide ore as raw material, sodium hydroxide as precipitant and PEG20000 as dispersant, ultrafine ZnO powders with different morphologies were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. The influences of the dosage of PEG20000 solution, molar ratio of OH⁻/Zn²⁺, reaction temperature, reaction time and Zn²⁺ concentration on the structures and morphologies of the ZnO powders were discussed in detail. The reaction conditions of synthesizing ZnO powders with flower-like structure were obtained as below: dosage of PEG20000 with 10% mass fraction 5 mL, molar ratio of OH⁻ to Zn²⁺ 5, reaction temperature 150 °C, reaction time 8 h at Zn²⁺ concentration 1 mol L⁻¹. The growth mechanism of ZnO particles with different morphologies was proposed. The ZnO powder with flower-like structure are composed of multiple micro-rods with hexagon morphology and has good photocatalytic degradation ability to degrade RhB. 20 mL RhB solution with 15 mg L⁻¹ could be completely degraded over flower-like ZnO powder 300 mg within 3 h.

以氧化锌矿为原料，氢氧化钠为沉淀剂，PEG20000为分散剂，以硫酸锌溶液为原料，通过水热法成功合成了不同形貌的超细ZnO粉体。的PEG20000溶液，OH的摩尔比的剂量的影响^- /锌²⁺，反应温度，反应时间和Zn ²⁺在ZnO粉末的结构和形态的浓度进行了详细讨论。与合成的ZnO粉末的反应条件花状结构中获得如下：PEG20000的用量以10％的质量分数5毫升，OH的摩尔比^-对于Zn ²⁺ 5，反应温度150℃，反应时间在8小时锌²⁺浓度为1 mol L ^-1。提出了不同形貌的ZnO颗粒的生长机理。花状结构的ZnO粉末由具有六角形形态的多个微棒组成，具有良好的光催化降解能力，能降解RhB。具有15 mg L ^-1的20 mL RhB溶液可以在3 h内完全降解为300 mg花状ZnO粉末。