A biomass-derived and biocompatible poly(l-malic acid) (PMA) based material with shape memory effect (SME) was developed in this work. 1,8-Octanediol was used as the cross-linker to construct cross-linking networks with hydrophilic backbone chain of PMA, tuning the density of networks and their swelling capacities by controlling −COOH/–OH ratios. The solvent-induced SME of as-obtained cross-linked PMAs was activated under mild conditions in this way. Using the shape recovery levels of U-shaped samples as the probes, the mixed methanol/ethanol/water systems with various ratios could be easily discriminated because the cross-linked PMAs show different sensing capacities to different components. The mechanisms were then studied in terms of the solvent molecule–polymer interactions. This work provides an interesting approach of visible discrimination of the solvents with similar structures, or their mixtures with various ratios, and also opens applications of biocompatible shape memory polymers in biomedical and chemical industries.

中文翻译：

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基于交联聚（1-苹果酸）的生物相容性形状记忆材料的选择性传感能力：具有相似结构的溶剂的视觉辨别

生物质衍生的和生物相容的聚（升在这项工作中开发了具有形状记忆效应（SME）的基于-苹果酸（PMA）的材料。1,8-辛二醇用作交联剂，可与PMA的亲水性主链构筑交联网络，并通过控制-COOH / -OH比例来调整网络的密度及其溶胀能力。以这种方式在温和条件下活化了所获得的交联PMA的溶剂诱导的SME。使用U形样品的形状恢复水平作为探针，可以轻松地区分具有各种比率的混合甲醇/乙醇/水系统，因为交联的PMA对不同组分显示出不同的感测能力。然后根据溶剂分子与聚合物的相互作用研究了机理。这项工作提供了一种有趣的方法，可以对具有相似结构的溶剂进行可见辨别，