Prior studies suggest bidirectional relationships between parent and adolescent behavior. This study examined how parents and their adolescent child's cortisol patterns are associated across days and if there are bidirectional associations between parent and child cortisol. Participants included two samples of employees and their children who participated in a daily diary study where diurnal salivary cortisol was collected on four study days (N = 318 dyads, Myouth age = 13.18 years, 52 % female). Autoregressive cross-lagged models were used to estimate parent-driven effects (parent cortisol effects on adolescent cortisol) and adolescent-driven effects (adolescent cortisol effects on parent cortisol). Adolescents' steeper cortisol awakening response (CAR) was significantly associated with parents' steeper CAR the following day. Adolescents' higher bedtime cortisol levels were also significantly associated with parents' higher bedtime cortisol levels the following day. Parents' cortisol did not predict their children's next-day cortisol. Results support a primarily adolescent-driven process of stress transmission in families. These results suggest that interventions to reduce adolescent stress, as well as to reduce parents' reactivity to adolescents, may be warranted.

中文翻译：

---

每日父母 - 青少年皮质醇协会：解开影响的方向

先前的研究表明父母和青少年行为之间存在双向关系。这项研究检查了父母和他们青春期孩子的皮质醇模式如何跨天相关，以及父母和孩子皮质醇之间是否存在双向关联。参与者包括参与每日日记研究的两名员工及其子女样本，其中在四个研究日收集昼夜唾液皮质醇（N = 318 对，Myouth 年龄 = 13.18 岁，52% 女性）。自回归交叉滞后模型用于估计父母驱动的影响（父母皮质醇对青少年皮质醇的影响）和青少年驱动的影响（青少年皮质醇对父母皮质醇的影响）。青少年更陡峭的皮质醇觉醒反应 (CAR) 与父母第二天更陡峭的 CAR 显着相关。青少年较高的睡前皮质醇水平也与父母第二天较高的就寝时间皮质醇水平显着相关。父母的皮质醇并不能预测他们孩子第二天的皮质醇。结果支持主要由青少年驱动的家庭压力传递过程。这些结果表明，可能需要采取干预措施来减少青少年压力以及减少父母对青少年的反应。