Carbonaceous materials (CMs), such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, carbon quantum dots, graphdiyne, and their derivatives, have sparked enormous excitement because of their attractive properties and great potential for solar energy conversion applications. Although pristine CMs are known for their unique electronic structure, optical properties, and thermal conductivity, many research fields and applications require functionalized CMs with integrated physicochemical properties and tunable dimensionality. Structurally modifying CMs through various surface/interface engineering reveals the numerous possibilities for tuning their architectures and properties. This Review mainly focuses on the basic surface/interface engineering issues of diverse CMs. The effects of surface/interfacial engineering in versatile systems as well as the excellent mechanical, electronic, optical properties and applications of the functionalized CMs‐based composites are highlighted. Some ongoing challenges and possible solutions for future exploration of CMs‐based functional composites are critically discussed.

中文翻译：

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碳基材料的表面/界面工程，用于构建多维功能混合体

碳质材料（CM），例如碳纳米管，富勒烯，石墨烯，碳量子点，石墨二炔及其衍生物，因其诱人的性能和在太阳能转换应用中的巨大潜力而​​引起了极大的兴奋。尽管原始CM以其独特的电子结构，光学特性和导热性而闻名，但许多研究领域和应用仍需要功能化的CM，这些CM具有集成的理化特性和可调的尺寸。通过各种表面/界面工程对CM进行结构修改后，揭示了调整其体系结构和特性的多种可能性。这篇评论主要关注各种CM的基本表面/界面工程问题。着重介绍了表面/界面工程在通用系统中的作用，以及出色的机械，电子，光学性能以及功能化基于CMs的复合材料的应用。批判性地讨论了一些挑战，以及未来基于CM的功能复合材料探索的可能解决方案。