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Remediation of a Riparian Site in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Reached by Contaminated Tailings from the Collapsed Fundão Dam with Native Woody Species.
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 , DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4272
Maria Rita Scotti 1 , Alessandra R Gomes 1 , Tomás J Lacerda 1 , Stefânia S Ávila 1 , Samuel Ll Silva 1 , Arthur Antão 1 , Amanda Gp Santos 1 , Mirelli B Medeiros 2 , Stael Alvarenga 2 , Carlos Henrique Santos 3 , Everlon C Rigobelo 2
Affiliation  

The failure of the Fundão dam in Brazil spilled alkaline contaminated sediments (pH ~8) into the Doce River basin. The contaminated sediments had high levels of ether amine (6 mg/kg) and Na (54 mg/kg) in relation to those in preserved sites. In the present study, a riparian forest was established over contaminated sediment using 2 main remediation strategies: phytoremediation with species native to the Atlantic forest and previously selected for their tolerance to sediment toxicity, and physicochemical remediation by incorporating organic matter (OM) into the sediment. In the experimental site (ES), the tolerant native woody species were cultivated in 2 treatments: T1, scraping of the sediments and incorporation of the OM, and T2, nonmanaged sediment and superficial deposition of the OM. The results were compared with the findings from a degraded site (DS), which was reached by the contaminated sediments but lacked vegetation, and a preserved site (PS), which was composed of a fragment of preserved Atlantic forest. Six months after transplanting, the plants from T1 showed a better height growth performance and survival index in relation to those from T2. Furthermore, T1 showed a significant decline in the pH (to ~6) concomitant with a reduction in the ether amine and Na contents (to ~0.4 mg/kg and 23 mg/kg, respectively). There was an improvement in the soil fertility and total microbial biomass in both treatments, especially in T1. Therefore, the adopted phyto‐ and physicochemical remediation procedures are recommended to reclaim zones reached by dam tailings containing Na and ether amine. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:669–675. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译:

从倒塌的Fundão大坝和原生木本植物污染的尾矿对巴西大西洋森林中的河岸遗址进行的修复。

巴西Fundão大坝的倒塌将碱性污染的沉积物(pH〜8)溢出到Doce河盆地。受污染的沉积物相对于保存地点的沉积物具有较高含量的醚胺(6 mg / kg)和钠(54 mg / kg)。在本研究中,使用两种主要补救策略在受污染的沉积物上建立了河岸森林:对大西洋森林原生物种进行植物修复,并事先选择了其对沉积物毒性的耐受性;通过将有机物(OM)纳入沉积物中来进行物理化学修复。在实验点(ES),以两种处理方式培育了耐性的天然木本植物:T1,刮除沉积物并掺入OM,以及T2,不受管理的沉积物和OM的浅层沉积。将结果与退化地点(DS)的发现结果进行比较,该地点由受污染的沉积物到达但缺乏植被,而保护地点(PS)由一片大西洋保存的森林组成。移植后六个月,T1的植物比T2的植物表现出更好的身高生长性能和存活指数。此外,T1的pH值显着下降(至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所达到的区域。被污染的沉积物所到达,但缺乏植被,还有一个保存地点(PS),该地点由一片保存的大西洋森林组成。移植后六个月,T1的植物比T2的植物表现出更好的身高生长性能和存活指数。此外,T1的pH值显着下降(至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所达到的区域。被污染的沉积物所到达,但缺乏植被,还有一个保存地点(PS),该地点由一片保存的大西洋森林组成。移植后六个月,T1的植物比T2的植物表现出更好的身高生长性能和存活指数。此外,T1的pH值显着下降(至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所达到的区域。由一片保存完好的大西洋森林组成。移植后六个月,T1的植物比T2的植物表现出更好的身高生长性能和存活指数。此外,T1的pH值显着下降(至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所到达的区域。由一片保存完好的大西洋森林组成。移植后六个月,T1的植物比T2的植物表现出更好的身高生长性能和存活指数。此外,T1的pH值显着下降(至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所到达的区域。T1的pH值显着下降(降至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所到达的区域。T1的pH值显着下降(降至〜6),同时醚胺和Na含量降低(分别降至〜0.4 mg / kg和23 mg / kg)。在两种处理中,特别是在T1中,土壤肥力和微生物总生物量都有改善。因此,建议采用已采取的植物和物理化学修复程序来回收含钠和醚胺的坝尾所到达的区域。Integr环境评估管理2020; 16:669-675。©2020 SETAC
更新日期:2020-05-31
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