Due to their inherent ring strain, three-membered carbocyclic- and heterocyclic ring structures are versatile synthetic building blocks. Traditional ring-opening methods of these molecules require the use of thermolysis, acid catalysts or transition-metals via ionic reaction pathways. Recently, visible light-induced photoredox catalysis has emerged as a powerful platform for initiating new chemical transformations. In this tutorial review, the synthetic and mechanistic aspects of visible light-promoted ring-opening functionalization of three-membered carbo- and heterocycles are highlighted. By using these strategies, a variety of ring-opening functionalization products, including biologically important carbo- and heterocycles, can be efficiently accessed in a high chemo- and regioselective manner.

中文翻译：

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可见光促进三元碳环和杂环的开环官能化。

由于其固有的环应变，三元碳环和杂环结构是通用的合成构件。这些分子的传统开环方法需要通过离子反应途径使用热解，酸催化剂或过渡金属。最近，可见光诱导的光氧化还原催化已经成为启动新化学转化的强大平台。在本教程的复习中，突出了可见光促进的三元碳环和杂环的开环官能化的合成和机理方面。通过使用这些策略，可以以高化学选择性和区域选择性的方式有效地使用各种开环功能化产物，包括生物学上重要的碳环和杂环。