The integration of optical signal generation and reception into one device—thus allowing a bidirectional optical signal transmission between two identical devices—is of value in the development of miniaturized and integrated optoelectronic devices. However, conventional solution-processable semiconductors have intrinsic material and design limitations that prevent them from being used to create such devices with a high performance. Here we report an efficient solution-processed perovskite diode that is capable of working in both emission and detection modes. The device can be switched between modes by changing the bias direction, and it exhibits light emission with an external quantum efficiency of over 21% and a light detection limit on a subpicowatt scale. The operation speed for both functions can reach tens of megahertz. Benefiting from the small Stokes shift of perovskites, our diodes exhibit a high specific detectivity (more than 2 × 10¹² Jones) at its peak emission (~804 nm), which allows an optical signal exchange between two identical diodes. To illustrate the potential of the dual-functional diode, we show that it can be used to create a monolithic pulse sensor and a bidirectional optical communication system.

将光信号生成和接收集成到一个设备中——从而允许在两个相同设备之间进行双向光信号传输——对于小型化和集成光电设备的开发具有重要意义。然而，传统的可溶液加工半导体具有固有的材料和设计限制，使其无法用于制造具有高性能的此类器件。在这里，我们报告了一种高效的溶液处理钙钛矿二极管，它能够在发射和检测模式下工作。该器件可以通过改变偏置方向在模式之间切换，并且它具有超过 21% 的外部量子效率和亚皮瓦级的光检测极限。两种功能的运行速度都可以达到几十兆赫兹。¹²  Jones）在其峰值发射（~804 nm），这允许两个相同二极管之间的光信号交换。为了说明双功能二极管的潜力，我们展示了它可用于创建单片脉冲传感器和双向光通信系统。