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Reprogrammable Spatiotemporally Modulated Graphene-Based Functional Metasurfaces
IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1109/jetcas.2020.2972928
Hamid Rajabalipanah , Ali Abdolali , Kasra Rouhi

Digital Metasurfaces have recently offered tremendous opportunities in real-time manipulation of terahertz (THz) waves in programmable ways to reach special applications that cannot be achieved using conventional architectures. Unlike the previous demonstrations at this spectrum, which only exploit spatial modulation, in this paper, we propose a spatiotemporally modulated graphene-based digital metasurface (STGDM) to carry out different missions in both space and frequency domains. Applying proper time-variant Fermi level controlling signals turns a 2-bit phase-only meta-atom into a powerful sub-wavelength scatterer with the ability to modulate both phases and amplitudes with arbitrary high quantization levels at center or harmonic frequencies. Several illustrative examples have been presented to demonstrate the excellent capability of our STGDM to dynamically realize different THz scattering behaviors, including beam deflection, vortex beam generation, spatial power dividing, harmonic focusing, and airy beam generation with a single digital interface. The employed space-time coding strategy reveals an additional knob for lifting some fundamental limitations of the previous graphene-based metasurfaces to achieve functionalities requiring both phase and amplitude modulations. Meanwhile, by facilitating the structural design to obtain high quantization levels, the proposed STGDM may be a reliable component in highly-efficient THz imaging and information systems.

中文翻译:

可重新编程的时空调制石墨烯基功能超表面

数字超表面最近为以可编程方式实时操纵太赫兹 (THz) 波提供了巨大的机会,以达到使用传统架构无法实现的特殊应用。与之前在该频谱上仅利用空间调制的演示不同,在本文中,我们提出了一种时空调制的基于石墨烯的数字超表面 (STGDM),以在空间和频域中执行不同的任务。应用适当的时变费米能级控制信号将 2 位纯相位元原子变成强大的亚波长散射体,能够在中心频率或谐波频率处以任意高量化电平调制相位和幅度。展示了几个说明性示例,以展示我们的 STGDM 动态实现不同太赫兹散射行为的出色能力,包括光束偏转、涡旋光束生成、空间功率分配、谐波聚焦和使用单个数字接口的艾里光束生成。所采用的时空编码策略揭示了一个额外的旋钮,用于解除之前基于石墨烯的超表面的一些基本限制,以实现需要相位和幅度调制的功能。同时,通过促进结构设计以获得高量化水平,所提出的 STGDM 可能是高效 THz 成像和信息系统中的可靠组件。空间功率分配、谐波聚焦和空气光束生成,具有单个数字接口。所采用的时空编码策略揭示了一个额外的旋钮,用于解除之前基于石墨烯的超表面的一些基本限制,以实现需要相位和幅度调制的功能。同时,通过促进结构设计以获得高量化水平,所提出的 STGDM 可能是高效 THz 成像和信息系统中的可靠组件。空间功率分配、谐波聚焦和空气光束生成,具有单个数字接口。所采用的时空编码策略揭示了一个额外的旋钮,用于解除之前基于石墨烯的超表面的一些基本限制,以实现需要相位和幅度调制的功能。同时,通过促进结构设计以获得高量化水平,所提出的 STGDM 可能是高效 THz 成像和信息系统中的可靠组件。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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