Myeloid cells, such as granulocytes/neutrophils and macrophages, have responsibilities that include pathogen destruction, waste material degradation, or antigen presentation upon inflammation. During persistent stress, myeloid cells can remain partially differentiated and adopt immunosuppressive functions. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are primarily beneficial upon restoring homeostasis after inflammation. Because of their ability to suppress adaptive immunity, MDSCs can also ameliorate autoimmune diseases and semi-allogenic responses, e.g., in pregnancy or transplantation. However, immunosuppression is not always desirable. In certain conditions, such as cancer or chronically inflamed tissue, MDSCs prevent restorative immune responses and thereby aggravate disease progression. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common disease in Western countries that severely threatens the central vision of aged people. The pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease is not fully elucidated, but inflammation is known to participate in both dry and wet AMD. In this paper, we provide an overview about the potential role of MDSCs in the pathogenesis of AMD.

中文翻译：

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髓样抑制细胞（MDSC）在与年龄有关的黄斑变性（AMD）中的潜在作用。

粒细胞/嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞等髓样细胞的职责包括病原体破坏，废物降解或炎症时呈递抗原。在持续的压力下，髓样细胞可以保持部分分化并具有免疫抑制功能。骨髓来源的抑制细胞（MDSCs）主要在炎症后恢复体内平衡方面是有益的。由于其抑制适应性免疫的能力，MDSC还可以改善自身免疫性疾病和半同种异体反应，例如在妊娠或移植中。然而，免疫抑制并非总是理想的。在某些情况下，例如癌症或慢性发炎的组织，MDSC会阻止恢复性免疫反应，从而加重疾病进程。与年龄有关的黄斑变性（AMD）是西方国家最常见的疾病，严重威胁着老年人的视力。这种多因素疾病的发病机理尚未完全阐明，但已知炎症参与干性和湿性AMD。在本文中，我们概述了MDSC在AMD发病机理中的潜在作用。