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Exogenous Abscisic Acid Supplementation at Early Stationary Growth Phase Triggers Changes in the Regulation of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Chlorella vulgaris UMT-M1.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03312-y
Ramlee Norlina 1 , Md Nor Norashikin 1 , Saw Hong Loh 1 , Ahmad Aziz 1 , Thye San Cha 1
Affiliation  

Abscisic acid (ABA) has been known to exist in a microalgal system and serves as one of the chemical stimuli in various biological pathways. Nonetheless, the involvement of ABA in fatty acid biosynthesis, particularly at the transcription level in microalgae is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous ABA on growth, total oil content, fatty acid composition, and the expression level of beta ketoacyl-ACP synthase I (KAS I) and omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (ω-3 FAD) genes in Chlorella vulgaris UMT-M1. ABA was applied to early stationary C. vulgaris cultures at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 80 μM for 48 h. The results showed that ABA significantly increased biomass production and total oil content. The increment of palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids was coupled by decrement in linoleic (C18:2) and α-linolenic (C18:3n3) acids. Both KAS I and ω-3 FAD gene expression were downregulated, which was negatively correlated to saturated fatty acid (SFAs), but positively correlated to polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) accumulations. Further analysis of both KAS I and ω-3 FAD promoters revealed the presence of multiple ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) in addition to other phytohormone-responsive elements. However, the role of these phytohormone-responsive elements in regulating KAS I and ω-3 FAD gene expression still remains elusive. This revelation might suggest that phytohormone-responsive gene regulation in C. vulgaris and microalgae as a whole might diverge from higher plants which deserve further scientific research to elucidate its functional roles.



中文翻译:

外源脱落酸在固定的早期生长期的补充触发了小球藻UMT-M1中脂肪酸生物合成调控的变化。

脱落酸(ABA)已知存在于微藻系统中,并作为各种生物途径中的化学刺激之一。但是,人们对ABA参与脂肪酸生物合成,特别是在微藻的转录水平上的了解还很少。这项研究的目的是确定外源ABA对生长,总油含量,脂肪酸组成以及β酮酰基-ACP合酶I(KAS I)和omega-3脂肪酸去饱和酶(ω-3)表达水平的影响小球藻UMT-M1中的FAD基因。ABA用于早期固定的寻常梭状芽胞杆菌在0、10、20和80μM的浓度下培养48小时。结果表明,ABA显着提高了生物量产量和总油含量。棕榈酸(C16:0)和硬脂酸(C18:0)的增加通过亚油酸(C18:2)和α-亚麻酸(C18:3n3)的减少而耦合。既KAS我ω-3 FAD基因表达被下调,这是负饱和脂肪酸(SFA的)相关,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的积累正相关。对KAS Iω- 3FAD启动子的进一步分析表明,除了其他植物激素反应性元件外,还存在多个ABA反应性元件(ABRE)。然而,这些植物激素反应性元素在调节中的作用KAS Iω-3FAD基因表达仍然难以捉摸。这一发现可能表明,寻常的梭状芽胞杆菌和微藻中的植物激素反应性基因调控可能与高级植物有所不同,这些高级植物值得进一步科学研究以阐明其功能作用。

更新日期:2020-04-20
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