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The Influence of Wood and Basalt Fibres on Mechanical, Thermal and Hydrothermal Properties of PLA Composites
Journal of Polymers and the Environment ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s10924-020-01677-z
Stanisław Kuciel , Karolina Mazur , Marek Hebda

Abstract

In this study, biodegradable biocomposites based on polylactide with basalt fibres (BFs) or wood fibres (WFs) of 7.5 or 15 wt% were prepared by injection moulding. Various tests, including tensile test, bending test and impact test, were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of the composites. Additionally, the samples were tested at different temperatures. Depending on the type of fibre, differences were noted in their mechanical properties; the addition of WF caused a decrease in strength and the higher the fibre content, the higher the decrease was noted from 18% up 25% in the case of tensile strength. However, the Young modulus was improved by 45% for composites with 15 wt% of WF. The addition of BF improved all the properties, especially Young modulus was improved by over 45%. Despite the low strength observed in neat polylactide at high temperatures-394 MPa, the addition of WF or BF improved the flexural strength more than twofold up to 1684 MPa (PLA/15BF). Moreover, the addition of natural fibres caused an increase in dimensional stability as shown by the decrease of the coefficient of thermal expansion which dropped over 50% for composites with 15 wt% of BF, which significantly expands the areas of use of materials. After 4 weeks of biodegradation, only a slight decrease approximately 5% was observed in the mechanical properties together with an increase in crystallinity. Overall, the results confirm that the prepared composites can be successfully used in engineering applications with long-term operation.



中文翻译:

木材和玄武岩纤维对PLA复合材料的机械,热和水热性能的影响

摘要

在这项研究中,通过注射成型制备了聚乳酸与玄武岩纤维(BFs)或木纤维(WFs)为7.5或15 wt%的可生物降解的生物复合材料。进行了各种测试,包括拉伸测试,弯曲测试和冲击测试,以研究复合材料的机械性能。另外,样品在不同温度下测试。根据纤维类型的不同,其机械性能也有所不同。WF的加入会导致强度下降,纤维含量越高,抗拉强度从18%上升到25%的下降幅度越大。然而,具有15重量%的WF的复合材料的杨氏模量提高了45%。BF的加入改善了所有性能,特别是杨氏模量提高了45%以上。尽管在高温(394 MPa)下在纯聚丙交酯中观察到较低的强度,但添加WF或BF可以提高挠曲强度,最高可达1684 MPa(PLA / 15BF)两倍以上。此外,天然纤维的添加引起尺寸稳定性的增加,如由热膨胀系数的降低所显示的,对于具有15重量%的BF的复合材料,热膨胀系数的降低超过50%,这显着扩大了材料的使用范围。生物降解4周后,机械性能仅略微降低了约5%,同时结晶度也有所提高。总的来说,结果证实了所制备的复合材料可以长期工程应用成功地用于工程应用。WF或BF的添加提高了高达1684 MPa(PLA / 15BF)的弯曲强度两倍以上。此外,天然纤维的添加引起尺寸稳定性的增加,如由热膨胀系数的降低所显示的,对于具有15重量%的BF的复合材料,热膨胀系数的降低超过50%,这显着扩大了材料的使用范围。生物降解4周后,机械性能仅略微降低了约5%,同时结晶度也有所提高。总的来说,结果证实了所制备的复合材料可以长期工程应用成功地用于工程应用。WF或BF的添加提高了高达1684 MPa(PLA / 15BF)的弯曲强度两倍以上。此外,天然纤维的添加引起尺寸稳定性的增加,如由热膨胀系数的降低所显示的,对于具有15重量%的BF的复合材料,热膨胀系数的降低超过50%,这显着扩大了材料的使用范围。生物降解4周后,仅观察到机械性能略微降低约5%,同时结晶度也有所提高。总的来说,结果证实了所制备的复合材料可以长期工程应用成功地用于工程应用。天然纤维的添加导致尺寸稳定性的增加,如热膨胀系数的降低所显示的那样,对于含15 wt%BF的复合材料,热膨胀系数下降了50%以上,这极大地扩展了材料的使用范围。生物降解4周后,仅观察到机械性能略微降低约5%,同时结晶度也有所提高。总的来说,结果证实了所制备的复合材料可以长期工程应用成功地用于工程应用。天然纤维的添加导致尺寸稳定性的增加,如热膨胀系数的降低所显示的那样,对于含15 wt%BF的复合材料,热膨胀系数下降了50%以上,这极大地扩展了材料的使用范围。生物降解4周后,机械性能仅略微降低了约5%,同时结晶度也有所提高。总的来说,结果证实了所制备的复合材料可以长期工程应用成功地用于工程应用。

更新日期:2020-03-21
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