Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by the presence of multiple tics. In addition to common behavioral co-morbidities such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, patients with TS can present with self-injurious behavior (SIB): deliberate, non-accidental, repetitive infliction of self-harm without suicidal intent. In order to determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of SIB in TS, we conducted a systematic literature review in accordance to the methodology described in the MOOSE Guidelines for Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. The literature search yielded 20 cohort studies that were suitable for quantitative synthesis. Combined results showed that SIB is present in 35 % of patients with TS. Obsessive-compulsive behaviors appear to be associated with SIB in patients with TS, and their presence should alert clinicians to the possible co-occurrence of SIB, particularly if the patient has multiple behavioral co-morbidities. Since the reviewed studies were methodologically heterogeneous and were conducted in specialist clinics, our findings cannot be generalized to patients with TS in the wider community.

中文翻译：

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图雷特综合征中自伤行为的患病率和临床相关性。

抽动秽语综合征 (TS) 是一种以多发性抽动为特征的神经发育疾病。除了常见的行为共病，如强迫症和注意力缺陷多动障碍外，TS 患者还可能出现自伤行为 (SIB)：故意的、非意外的、重复性自残而没有自杀意图。为了确定 TS 中 SIB 的患病率和临床相关性，我们根据 MOOSE 流行病学观察性研究的荟萃分析和系统评价指南中描述的方法进行了系统的文献回顾。文献检索产生了 20 项适合定量综合的队列研究。综合结果表明，35% 的 TS 患者存在 SIB。强迫行为似乎与 TS 患者的 SIB 相关，并且它们的存在应该提醒临床医生注意 SIB 可能同时发生，特别是如果患者有多种行为共病。由于所审查的研究在方法学上存在异质性，并且是在专科诊所进行的，因此我们的研究结果不能推广到更广泛社区的 TS 患者。