Abstract Hybrid fossil/renewable energy combined heat and power (CHP) systems harness local energy sources, save fossil fuels, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Here geothermal energy is integrated into a natural gas driven CHP system by employing both vapor-compressor and absorption cycles through a geothermal heat pump (GSHP). To increase the performance of the heat pumps, the mixed hot water from the internal combustion engine (ICE) is used to preheat the evaporator. Using a multi-criteria optimization method based on energy, economic, environmental and adjustable factors, the optimal allocation ratio of hot water from the ICE is analyzed to maximize the performance of the hybrid CHP system for a specific case building. The necessary thermodynamic models of the system components needed for the optimization are presented. The results demonstrate that the increasing allocation ratio of mixed water for the heat pumps raised the output and coefficient of performance (COP). At optimal allocation ratio maximizing the performance of the CHP system against a set of criteria, the optimum energy saving ratio (ESR), carbon dioxide emission reduction ratio (CDERR), annual cost saving reduction (ACSR), and adjustable ratio are 30.26%, 53.20%, 40.80% and 6.40%, respectively. The hybrid CHP system also shows much higher flexibility than other relevant systems.

中文翻译：

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地热耦合混合热电系统热力学性能分析及多准则优化

摘要 混合化石/可再生能源热电联产 (CHP) 系统利用当地能源，节省化石燃料并减少温室气体排放。在这里，通过地热热泵 (GSHP) 采用蒸汽压缩机和吸收循环，地热能被整合到天然气驱动的 CHP 系统中。为了提高热泵的性能，来自内燃机 (ICE) 的混合热水用于预热蒸发器。使用基于能源、经济、环境和可调因素的多准则优化方法，分析来自 ICE 的热水的最佳分配比例，以最大化特定案例建筑的混合热电联产系统的性能。介绍了优化所需的系统组件的必要热力学模型。结果表明，增加混合水对热泵的分配比例提高了输出和性能系数（COP）。在根据一组标准最大化热电联产系统性能的最佳分配比率下，最佳节能率（ESR）、二氧化碳减排率（CDERR）、年度成本节约减少率（ACSR）和可调比率为30.26%，分别为 53.20%、40.80% 和 6.40%。混合热电联产系统还显示出比其他相关系统高得多的灵活性。年节约成本（ACSR）和可调比例分别为30.26%、53.20%、40.80%和6.40%。混合热电联产系统还显示出比其他相关系统高得多的灵活性。年节约成本（ACSR）和可调比例分别为30.26%、53.20%、40.80%和6.40%。混合热电联产系统还显示出比其他相关系统高得多的灵活性。