Abstract The effects of ZnO nanoparticle doping on the phase formation, phase transition, dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and energy harvesting properties of Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5TiO3/xZnO or BNKT16/xZnO (with x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 mol fraction) were investigated. The samples were synthesized through a solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction results showed that all samples exhibited a single perovskite phase, except the x = 0.06 sample. The depolarization temperature (Td) value, determined by the thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC), tended to vanish with increasing ZnO content. The additive also promoted a diffuse transition at Td. High polarization was observed for the x = 0.04 sample: remanent polarization (Pr) = 53.33 μC/cm2 and saturation polarization (Ps) = 55.34 μC/cm2 with large improvements for Pr and Ps values (98 % and 92 %, respectively, as compared to the base composition) and a decrease in the coercive field (Ec). Improvements of piezoelectric coefficients (d33 and g33) were also found for the x = 0.04 sample. This therefore produced an improvement of energy harvesting performance across the samples.

中文翻译：

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ZnO纳米粒子掺杂对无铅Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5TiO3陶瓷去极化温度、压电和能量收集性能的影响

摘要 ZnO 纳米粒子掺杂对 Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5TiO3/xZnO 或 BNKT16/xZnO（x = 0， 0.02、0.04 和 0.06 摩尔分数）进行了研究。样品通过固态反应方法合成。X 射线衍射结果表明，除 x = 0.06 样品外，所有样品均呈现单一钙钛矿相。由热激去极化电流 (TSDC) 确定的去极化温度 (Td) 值随着 ZnO 含量的增加而趋于消失。该添加剂还促进了 Td 处的扩散转变。观察到 x = 0.04 样品的高极化：剩余极化 (Pr) = 53.33 μC/cm2 和饱和极化 (Ps) = 55。34 μC/cm2，Pr 和 Ps 值大幅提高（与基础成分相比，分别为 98% 和 92%）和矫顽场 (Ec) 降低。还发现 x = 0.04 样品的压电系数（d33 和 g33）有所改善。因此，这提高了整个样品的能量收集性能。