Older people living with HIV (OPLWH) are expected to live longer in the era of antiretroviral treatment, but at the same time, they are at risk for developing various health complications as a consequence of a life with the infection, exposure to medications that carry their own toxicity and side effects, and the natural effects of aging on the immune system. Because senescence is an inherent process that can be accelerated by HIV, it is important to identify strategies that can modify this phenomenon. Emerging data suggests that while physical activity and exercise may not have a positive impact on viral replication and on the immune system of people living with HIV, it can elicit improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, body composition, and overall quality of life. The purpose of this study is to map out empirical evidence on the effects of physical activity and exercise in OPLWH. The scoping review methods will be guided by the framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Literature searches will be conducted in the following electronic databases (from inception onwards): PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Peer-reviewed journal papers will be included if they are written in English, involved human participants aged 50 years, and older with HIV and described a measure for physical, mental, or functional status of physical activity/exercise and/or the recommendations in OPLWH. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies will be included in order to consider different aspects of measuring the effects of physical activity and exercise (e.g., quality of life, functional status, activities of daily living). Two reviewers will screen all citations and full-text articles. We will abstract data, organize them into themes and sub-themes, summarize them, and report the results using a narrative synthesis. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using a Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The evidence gathered from the selected studies will be discussed in relation to the research questions using a narrative to identify and explore emergent themes. The review will provide a baseline of evidence on exercise and physical activity interventions for OPLWH. It will highlight gaps regarding the use of exercise and physical activity and contribute to the design of an effective intervention approach to the rehabilitation of OPLWH. Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/728kp/).

中文翻译：

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老年人艾滋病毒感染者的身体活动和锻炼：范围审查方案

在抗逆转录病毒治疗时代，老年人艾滋病毒感染者 (OPLWH) 预计会活得更长，但与此同时，由于生活中感染艾滋病毒、接触携带艾滋病毒的药物，他们面临着出现各种健康并发症的风险。它们本身的毒性和副作用，以及衰老对免疫系统的自然影响。由于衰老是一种固有的过程，艾滋病毒可能会加速衰老，因此确定可以改变这种现象的策略非常重要。新数据表明，虽然体力活动和锻炼可能不会对病毒复制和艾滋病毒感染者的免疫系统产生积极影响，但它可以改善心肺健康、力量、身体成分和整体生活质量。本研究的目的是找出体力活动和锻炼对 OPLWH 影响的经验证据。范围界定审查方法将以乔安娜·布里格斯研究所指南提出的框架为指导。文献检索将在以下电子数据库中进行（自成立以来）：PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆和 Google Scholar。同行评审的期刊论文将被纳入，前提是它们是用英语撰写的，涉及年龄在 50 岁及以上的艾滋病毒感染者，并描述了身体活动/锻炼的身体、心理或功能状态的测量和/或 OPLWH 中的建议。将包括定量、定性和混合方法研究，以考虑测量体力活动和锻炼效果的不同方面（例如，生活质量、功能状态、日常生活活动）。两名审稿人将筛选所有引文和全文文章。我们将抽象数据，将它们组织成主题和子主题，进行总结，并使用叙述性综合报告结果。研究方法质量（或偏差）将使用混合方法评估工具进行评估。从所选研究中收集的证据将结合研究问题进行讨论，使用叙述来识别和探索新出现的主题。该审查将为 OPLWH 的锻炼和身体活动干预措施提供基线证据。它将强调锻炼和体育活动使用方面的差距，并有助于设计有效的 OPLWH 康复干预方法。开放科学框架（https://osf.io/728kp/）。