Wheat bran is a major byproduct of the wheat industry and a rich source of cellulosic and hemicellulosic compounds. We developed a facile and reproducible method to generate functional nanomaterials from wheat bran derived polysaccharide, Arabinoxylan (AX). We first established that AX derived from wheat bran was chemically equivalent to commercially available AX extracted from wheat flour. Through facile chemical modification, positive and negatively charged domains were introduced along AX backbone, which in turn induced local electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions promoting the formation of nanoparticulate structures. The extracted, chemically modified AX was characterized using FTIR, ¹H NMR, and elemental analysis. We observed that, while both anionic and cationic AX self-assemble into stable, spherical nanoparticles with a low polydispersity index, the unmodified AX did not exhibit such self-organizational properties. To form functionally active nanomaterials, we further complexed negatively charged CRISPR-Cas9 DNA with cationic AX. Through gel electrophoretic studies, we identified that, at a feed ratio of DNA to AX of 1:15, AX is capable of forming polyplexes with DNA in the form of nanoparticles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of ∼100 nm and surface charge of −1.40 ± 0.91 mV. We envision that chemically modified AX, originally sourced from agricultural waste materials and not from food products, can be used as functional nanomaterials for gene delivery in the agrochemical sector thus catalyzing the circular approach of sustainability.

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麦麸衍生的阿拉伯木聚糖功能性纳米材料的核酸传递研究

麦麸是小麦工业的主要副产品，是纤维素和半纤维素化合物的丰富来源。我们开发了一种简便且可重现的方法，可从麦麸衍生的多糖阿拉伯木聚糖（AX）生成功能纳米材料。我们首先确定，麦麸衍生的AX在化学上等同于从小麦粉中提取的市售AX。通过简单的化学修饰，沿AX主链引入带正电荷和带负电荷的域，从而引起局部静电和疏水相互作用，从而促进纳米颗粒结构的形成。使用FTIR，¹对提取的化学修饰的AX进行表征1 H NMR和元素分析。我们观察到，虽然阴离子和阳离子AX都自组装成具有低多分散指数的稳定球形纳米颗粒，但未改性的AX却没有表现出这种自组织特性。为了形成具有功能活性的纳米材料，我们进一步将带负电荷的CRISPR-Cas9 DNA与阳离子AX复合。通过凝胶电泳研究，我们发现，在DNA与AX的进料比为1:15的情况下，AX能够与DNA形成纳米颗粒形式的DNA复合物，其平均流体动力学直径为〜100 nm，表面电荷为-1.40 ±0.91毫伏 我们设想化学修饰的AX最初是从农业废料而不是食品中获得的，