Fluid injection–induced tensile opening is modeled using an extended finite volume method (XFVM). An embedded fracture strategy is used for the flow problem, that is, the fractures are discretized using finite volume segments without resolving the grid around them. Further, the discontinuities across fractures are modeled using special basis functions. The fracture openings due to enhanced fluid pressure and the associated shear slip due to traction free boundary condition on the fracture segments are both modeled using these special discontinuity basis functions. Mass transfer between fractures and matrix is modeled using the pressure difference. The enhancement of fracture storativity due to tensile opening leads to stronger coupling between flow and mechanics. An iterative scheme relying on the fixed‐stress approach for fractures, which conserves the stress dependent terms over each iteration of the flow problem, has been introduced. Tensile opening has been simulated for single fractures embedded in two‐ and three‐dimensional matrices. The convergence criterion for sequentially implicit fixed‐stress scheme for fractures embedded in elastic media is established and has been validated numerically. Further, for 2D simulations, the effect of the matrix permeability for fracture propagation due to tensile opening has been studied.

中文翻译：

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扩展有限体积法和固定应力法模拟裂缝性储层中流体注入引起的张开

使用扩展的有限体积方法（XFVM）对流体注入引起的拉伸开口进行建模。嵌入式裂缝策略用于解决流动问题，即，使用有限的体积分段离散裂缝而不解决周围的网格。此外，使用特殊基函数对裂缝间的不连续性进行建模。都使用这些特殊的不连续基函数对由于增大的流体压力引起的裂缝开口以及由于在裂缝段上的无牵引边界条件引起的相关剪切滑移进行了建模。使用压力差对裂缝和基质之间的传质进行建模。由于张拉孔的增加，裂缝的储藏性增强，导致流体与力学之间的耦合更强。一个基于固定应力方法的裂缝迭代方案，已经介绍了它在流动问题的每次迭代中都保留了应力相关项。对于嵌入二维和三维矩阵中的单个裂缝，已经模拟了拉伸开口。建立了嵌入弹性介质中的裂缝的顺序隐式固定应力方案的收敛准则，并进行了数值验证。此外，对于2D模拟，已经研究了基体渗透率对拉伸张开造成的裂缝扩展的影响。建立了嵌入弹性介质中的裂缝的顺序隐式固定应力方案的收敛准则，并进行了数值验证。此外，对于2D模拟，已经研究了基体渗透率对拉伸张开造成的裂缝扩展的影响。建立了嵌入弹性介质中的裂缝的顺序隐式固定应力方案的收敛准则，并进行了数值验证。此外，对于2D模拟，已经研究了基体渗透率对拉伸张开造成的裂缝扩展的影响。