When a wind turbine is in normal operation, the blades are rotating, and this blade rotation may affect the process of lightning striking the wind turbine. To investigate this problem, long‐gap discharge tests are performed in this study. Moreover, a multiple physical parameter synchronous observation platform is designed for a scaled wind turbine. Long‐gap discharge tests of a static and rotary‐scaled wind turbine with blade tip‐electrode gap distances of 1 to 8 m are conducted, and the discharge paths under different gaps and wind turbine operating conditions are obtained. The characteristic parameters—arc shape upon discharge, lengths of the downward and upward leaders, blade angle at the moment of discharge, and angle of upward leader initiation—are statistically analyzed. The analysis of the aforementioned data indicates that rotation has opposite effects on the discharge characteristic parameters under short and long gap distances. According to the analysis, blade rotation reduces the space charge density of the corona discharge near the tip, which leads to an increase in the field strength near the blade tip and a decrease in the field strength away from the blade tip. Short and long gaps have different degrees of influence on discharge, which changes the difficulty of upward leader initiation at the blade tip and consequently alters the entire discharge process. The obtained results can provide a reference for the lightning protection of wind turbines.

中文翻译：

---

运行中风机的长气隙排放的排放路径观察和排放路径统计特性

当风力涡轮机正常运行时，叶片旋转，并且叶片旋转可能会影响雷击风力涡轮机的过程。为了研究这个问题，在这项研究中进行了长间隙放电测试。此外，针对比例风轮机设计了多物理参数同步观测平台。进行了叶片端部电极间隙距离为1至8 m的静态和旋转缩放风力涡轮机的长间隙放电测试，并获得了不同间隙和风力涡轮机运行条件下的放电路径。统计分析了特征参数-放电时的弧形，向下和向上引导杆的长度，排出时的叶片角度以及向上引导杆启动的角度。对上述数据的分析表明，旋转在短和长间隙距离下对放电特性参数有相反的影响。根据分析，叶片旋转减小了尖端附近的电晕放电的空间电荷密度，这导致叶片尖端附近的场强增加以及远离叶片尖端的场强降低。短间隙和长间隙对放电的影响程度不同，这改变了叶片尖端向上引导的启动难度，并因此改变了整个放电过程。所得结果可为风机的防雷提供参考。叶片旋转会降低尖端附近电晕放电的空间电荷密度，从而导致叶片尖端附近的场强增加以及远离叶片尖端的场强降低。短间隙和长间隙对放电的影响程度不同，这改变了叶片尖端向上引导的启动难度，并因此改变了整个放电过程。所得结果可为风机的防雷提供参考。叶片旋转会降低尖端附近电晕放电的空间电荷密度，从而导致叶片尖端附近的场强增加以及远离叶片尖端的场强降低。短间隙和长间隙对放电的影响程度不同，这改变了叶片尖端向上引导的启动难度，并因此改变了整个放电过程。所得结果可为风机的防雷提供参考。这改变了在叶片尖端向上引导引导的难度，并因此改变了整个排出过程。所得结果可为风机的防雷提供参考。这改变了在叶片尖端向上引导引导的难度，并因此改变了整个排出过程。所得结果可为风机的防雷提供参考。