During the past 20 years, plant ingredients have taken over as the main constituents in feed for Atlantic salmon. This has changed the nutrient composition of the feeds, the bioavailability of nutrients and perhaps nutrient metabolism. Plant‐based diets also contain more anti‐nutrients. The EU‐funded project ARRAINA re‐evaluated recommendations for micronutrient supplementation to Atlantic salmon feeds, and the present study compared a diet supplemented with micronutrients according to NRC (2011) (control diet, 100% NP (nutrient package)) with a diet supplemented according to the new recommendations (New NP). Tissue concentrations of pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, niacin, vitamin C, Zn and Se were significantly higher; and Cu was lower in Atlantic salmon fed the diet with the New NP compared to the control fish. The New NP also gave a near significant effect on growth, decreased muscle firmness and increased muscle cell size, and it affected metabolism of nitrogen‐containing metabolites in the muscle. While we cannot be certain which micronutrient(s) gave these effects, the B vitamins are probable candidates, since they are mediators of intermediary metabolism and have been shown to influence some of the affected metabolites.

中文翻译：

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膳食微量营养素成分影响大西洋鲑鱼（鲑鱼）的鱼片质地和肌肉细胞大小

在过去的 20 年中，植物成分已成为大西洋鲑鱼饲料的主要成分。这已经改变了饲料的营养成分、营养物质的生物利用度以及可能的营养代谢。植物性饮食也含有更多的抗营养素。欧盟资助的 ARRAINA 项目重新评估了大西洋鲑鱼饲料中添加微量营养素的建议，本研究根据 NRC（2011 年）（对照饮食，100% NP（营养包））比较了添加微量营养素的饮食与添加微量营养素的饮食根据新建议（New NP）。吡哆醇、泛酸、烟酸、维生素C、Zn和Se的组织浓度显着升高；与对照鱼相比，用新 NP 喂养的大西洋鲑鱼的铜含量较低。新 NP 还对生长产生了近乎显着的影响，降低了肌肉硬度，增加了肌肉细胞大小，并影响了肌肉中含氮代谢物的代谢。虽然我们无法确定哪些微量营养素产生了这些影响，但 B 族维生素是可能的候选者，因为它们是中间代谢的介质，并且已被证明会影响一些受影响的代谢物。