Rapidly expanding global aquaculture requires sustainable, local protein sources to supplement the use of fishmeal. Lupin seed meal (Lupinus angustifolius) was tested as sustainable diet component for Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Controlled feeding experiments were conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system for eight weeks. Juvenile shrimps were provided formulated diets containing various levels of lupin meal inclusion (0, 100, 200 and 300 g kg⁻¹) supplementing the fishmeal component, and a commercial feed as general reference. Shrimp survival, growth, metabolic and immune parameters were analysed. Survival did not differ significantly between groups. Growth performance was significantly impaired in shrimp fed diets containing more than 100 g kg⁻¹ lupin meal. Lupin meal supplementation did not affect haemolymph protein content, whereas glucose and acylglyceride concentrations varied between treatments and were highest in animals fed the 100 g kg⁻¹ lupin meal diet. Phenoloxidase activity was highest in shrimp fed 100 g kg⁻¹ lupin meal diet indicating improved immune status. The present study indicates that low inclusion levels of lupin meal do not cause adverse effects and seem to stimulate the immune system of juvenile L. vannamei.

中文翻译：

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羽扇豆仁粉作为白腿虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）配方饲料中鱼粉的替代品

快速扩张的全球水产养殖需要可持续的本地蛋白质来源来补充鱼粉的使用。羽扇豆籽粉 (Lupinus angustifolius) 被测试为白腿虾 (Litopenaeus vannamei) 的可持续饮食成分。控制饲养实验在循环水产养殖系统中进行了八周。为幼虾提供含有不同水平的羽扇豆粉（0、100、200 和 300 g kg⁻¹）并补充鱼粉成分的配方日粮，以及作为一般参考的商业饲料。分析了虾的存活、生长、代谢和免疫参数。组间存活率没有显着差异。在含有超过 100 g kg⁻¹ 羽扇豆粉的虾饲喂日粮中，生长性能显着受损。补充羽扇豆粉不影响血淋巴蛋白含量，而葡萄糖和酰基甘油酯浓度在不同处理之间有所不同，并且在喂食 100 g kg⁻¹ 羽扇豆粉饮食的动物中最高。在喂食 100 g kg⁻¹ 羽扇豆粉日粮的虾中，酚氧化酶活性最高，表明免疫状态有所改善。本研究表明，低含量的羽扇豆粉不会造成不良影响，而且似乎会刺激南美白对虾幼体的免疫系统。