The study evaluated effects of cholesterol supplementation in a diet with high soybean meal (SBM) on the growth and cholesterol metabolism of giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus). All‐fish‐meal diet was used as control. The diet including SBM (replaced 50% of the fish meal protein, SBM diet) and the SBM diet supplemented with 10 g/kg cholesterol (SBM + cholesterol) were used as experimental diets. Three diets were each fed to triplicate groups of juvenile grouper (initial body weight: 12.39 ± 0.36 g) in a recirculating aquaculture system for 8 weeks. Grouper fed the control diet showed higher (p < .05) weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio than the other two dietary treatments. Hepatic cholesterol concentrations and 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase gene expressions were higher in fish fed the control diet than fish fed the control diet and SBM + cholesterol diet. Hepatic cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase gene expression was higher in fish fed the SBM + cholesterol diet than that in fish fed the control diet. Results indicate that giant grouper on a diet low in cholesterol can regulate cholesterol synthesis, suggesting that the reduced dietary cholesterol intake in the fish fed diet containing SBM is sufficiently compensated by increased cholesterol synthesis.

中文翻译：

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膳食添加豆粕和胆固醇对巨型石斑鱼（Epinephelus lanceolatus）生长、胆固醇状态和代谢的影响

该研究评估了在高豆粕 (SBM) 饮食中补充胆固醇对巨石斑鱼 (Epinephelus lanceolatus) 生长和胆固醇代谢的影响。全鱼粉饮食用作对照。包括SBM的饮食（代替50%的鱼粉蛋白，SBM饮食）和补充有10g/kg胆固醇（SBM+胆固醇）的SBM饮食被用作实验饮食。在循环水产养殖系统中，将三种饲料分别喂给三份重复的幼石斑鱼组（初始体重：12.39 ± 0.36 g），持续 8 周。饲喂对照日粮的石斑鱼表现出比其他两种日粮处理更高的增重、采食量、饲料效率和蛋白质效率比（p < .05）。与饲喂对照饮食和 SBM + 胆固醇饮食的鱼相比，饲喂对照饮食的鱼的肝脏胆固醇浓度和 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶 A 还原酶基因表达更高。饲喂 SBM + 胆固醇饮食的鱼的肝脏胆固醇 7α-羟化酶基因表达高于饲喂对照饮食的鱼。结果表明，低胆固醇饮食中的巨石斑鱼可以调节胆固醇合成，这表明在含有 SBM 的鱼饲料中减少的膳食胆固醇摄入量可以通过增加的胆固醇合成得到充分补偿。