In this review, we focus on per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), synthetic compounds used for a variety of applications, including firefighting foam and manufacturing. Recently, researchers have linked human exposure to PFAS to negative health effects. Hundreds of communities are affected by PFAS contamination, which has raised awareness about the toxicity of these chemicals. Most work has focused on characterizing dangers to humans, and the effects of PFAS on the environment are under‐studied. PFAS contamination of surface water can result in bioaccumulation and biomagnification in fishes. Studies have linked PFAS to lower fitness in fishes, and anglers who consume wild fish can have higher exposure to PFAS compared to the general population. These chemicals remain largely unregulated and the public has been unaware of the extent of contamination and their risk to human health until recently. We review known PFAS contamination of wild‐caught fish, and their possible health risk through angler exposure in the Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska. The conclusions and recommendations from the case study can be applied to and are useful for PFAS‐contaminated communities nationwide.

中文翻译：

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全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）：垂钓者可能会接触到有害化学物质

在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS），用于多种用途的合成化合物，包括消防泡沫和制造。最近，研究人员将人类接触PFAS与负面健康影响联系在一起。数百个社区受到PFAS污染的影响，这提高了人们对这些化学品毒性的认识。大多数工作集中于表征对人类的危害，而对PFAS对环境的影响的研究却不足。PFAS对地表水的污染会导致鱼类的生物富集和生物放大。研究已将PFAS与鱼类的低适应性联系起来，与一般人群相比，食用野生鱼的垂钓者对PFAS的暴露程度更高。这些化学物质基本上不受管制，直到最近，公众才意识到污染的程度及其对人类健康的危害。我们回顾了阿拉斯加费尔班克斯北星自治市镇已知野生鱼类的PFAS污染及其通过钓鱼者暴露可能带来的健康风险。案例研究中的结论和建议可以应用于全国，并且对受PFAS污染的社区有用。