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Inoculation and habitat amelioration efforts in biological soil crust recovery vary by desert and soil texture
Restoration Ecology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1111/rec.13087
Akasha M. Faist 1 , Anita J. Antoninka 2 , Jayne Belnap 3 , Matthew A. Bowker 2 , Michael C. Duniway 3 , Ferran Garcia‐Pichel 4 , Corey Nelson 4 , Sasha C. Reed 3 , Ana Giraldo‐Silva 4 , Sergio Velasco‐Ayuso 5 , Nichole N. Barger 6
Affiliation  

As dryland degradation continues, it is increasingly important to understand how to effectively restore biocrust communities. Potential techniques include the addition of biocrust inoculum to accelerate biocrust recovery. Enhanced erosion typical of degraded environments creates a challenge for these approaches, due to loss by wind or water and burial by saltating particles. To retain and protect added inoculum, the inclusion of habitat‐amelioration techniques can improve recovery rates. This study tested three different types of inoculum (field‐collected, greenhouse‐cultivated, and laboratory‐cultivated biocrust) coupled with two treatments to augment soil stability and ameliorate habitat limitations: soil surface polyacrylamide additions and installation of straw barriers. This was done across two deserts (Great Basin and Chihuahuan) and separated into generally coarse‐ or finer‐textured soils in each desert, with results monitored for 3 years (2015, 2016, 2017). While the inoculum type, coupled with habitat ameliorations, occasionally enhanced biocrust growth across years and treatments, in other cases, it made no difference compared to natural recovery rates. Rather, the desert location and soil texture groupings were the most prominent factors in determining recovery trajectories. Recovery proportions were similar in the finer‐textured sites in both the Great Basin and the Chihuahuan deserts, while the coarser‐textured site in the Great Basin did show some recovery over time and the Chihuahuan coarser‐textured site did not. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding site potential and identifying key limitations to biocrust recovery for successful restoration projects.

中文翻译:

恢复生物土壤结皮的接种和生境改善工作因沙漠和土壤质地而异

随着旱地退化的继续,了解如何有效恢复生物结壳群落变得越来越重要。潜在的技术包括添加生物外壳接种物以加速生物外壳的恢复。由于风或水造成的损失以及盐分颗粒的掩埋,退化环境典型的增强侵蚀对这些方法提出了挑战。为了保留和保护添加的接种物,采用栖息地改善技术可以提高恢复率。这项研究测试了三种不同类型的接种物(田间收集,温室栽培和实验室栽培的生物结皮),并结合了两种处理方法以增强土壤稳定性并改善生境限制:添加土壤表面聚丙烯酰胺和安装稻草屏障。这是在两个沙漠(大盆地和奇瓦瓦纳)上完成的,并在每个沙漠中被分为质地较粗或较细的土壤,并监测了3年的结果(2015年,2016年,2017年)。尽管接种物类型与栖息地的改善相结合,有时会提高生物结壳在多年和治疗过程中的生长速度,但在其他情况下,与自然恢复率相比并没有什么不同。相反,沙漠位置和土壤质地分组是确定恢复轨迹的最主要因素。大盆地和奇瓦瓦沙漠的质地较细的地区的采收率相近,而大盆地的质地较粗的地区随着时间的推移确实显示出一定程度的恢复,而奇瓦焕的质地较粗的地区却没有。
更新日期:2020-01-08
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