The growing demand for native seeds in ecological restoration and rehabilitation, whether for mining, forest, or ecosystem restoration, has resulted in a major global industry in the sourcing, supply, and sale of native seeds. However, there are no international guidance documents for ensuring that native seeds have the same standards of quality assurance that are regular practice in the crop and horticultural industries. Using the International Principles and Standards for the Practice of Ecological Restoration as a foundation document, we provide for the first time a synthesis of general practices in the native seed supply chain to derive the Principles and Standards for Native Seeds in Ecological Restoration (“Standards”). These practices and the underpinning science provide the basis for developing quality measures and guidance statements that are adaptable at the local, biome, or national scale. Importantly, these Standards define what is considered native seed in ecological restoration and highlight the differences between native seeds versus seeds of improved genetics. Seed testing approaches are provided within a logical framework that outline the many different dormancy states in native seed that can confound restoration outcomes. A “pro-forma” template for a production label is included as a practical tool that can be customized for local needs and to standardize reporting to end-users on the level of seed quality and germinability to be expected in a native seed batch. These Standards are not intended to be mandatory; however, the guidance statements provide the foundation upon which regulatory approaches can be developed by constituencies and jurisdictions.

中文翻译：

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本地种子恢复的国际原则和标准

无论是采矿、森林还是生态系统恢复，生态修复和恢复对本地种子的需求不断增长，导致本地种子的采购、供应和销售成为全球主要产业。但是，没有国际指导文件来确保本地种子具有与作物和园艺行业的常规做法相同的质量保证标准。以生态恢复实践的国际原则和标准为基础文件，我们首次综合了本地种子供应链中的一般实践，以推导出生态恢复中的本地种子原则和标准（“标准”） ）。这些实践和基础科学为制定适用于当地、生物群落或国家范围的质量措施和指导声明奠定了基础。重要的是，这些标准定义了生态恢复中被视为原生种子的内容，并突出了原生种子与改良遗传种子之间的差异。种子测试方法在一个逻辑框架内提供，该框架概述了本地种子中可能混淆恢复结果的许多不同休眠状态。生产标签的“备考”模板作为实用工具包括在内，可根据当地需求进行定制，并标准化向最终用户报告本地种子批次中预期的种子质量和发芽率水平。这些标准不是强制性的；然而，