In assessing the effectiveness of ecological restoration actions, outcomes evaluation using a multi‐taxa approach can greatly contribute to a clearer understanding of their success/failure. Since comprehensive biodiversity assessments are rarely possible, choosing taxa groups that are indicative of the ecosystem's structural and functional recovery is of major importance. Our goal was to evaluate the success of revegetation actions performed in a Mediterranean limestone quarry, using plants and epigean beetles as indicators. We compared their abundance, diversity, and community composition between revegetated sites aged 5, 13, and 19 years and a natural reference. Total plant cover significantly increased with restoration age and quickly reached reference values. However, native woody species cover dropped in the oldest site, while non‐native species became dominant. The abundance of beetles was always lower in restoration sites when compared to the reference, increasing with age, although not significantly. The richness of both plant species and beetle families was lower in restoration sites and did not show any trend towards the reference values. Finally, using nonmetric multidimensional scaling, the composition of plant and beetle communities from restoration sites showed a clear separation from the reference. Restoration efforts have successfully modified post‐quarry sites, but considerable differences remain, probably largely related to the use of the non‐native species Pinus halepensis in restoration plans. P. halepensis high cover in restoration sites greatly affects the structure of the ecosystem, and most likely its functioning too, as well as related ecosystem services, causing divergence from the reference values and compromising restoration success.

中文翻译：

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超越绿色：通过植物和甲虫社区评估采石场的恢复成功

在评估生态恢复行动的有效性时，使用多类分类方法进行结果评估可以极大地帮助人们更清楚地了解其成功/失败。由于几乎不可能进行全面的生物多样性评估，因此选择能够表明生态系统结构和功能恢复的生物分类群非常重要。我们的目标是使用植物和and甲作为指标，评估在地中海石灰石采石场进行的植被恢复活动的成功性。我们比较了5岁，13岁和19岁的植被恢复地点与自然参考之间它们的丰富度，多样性和社区组成。随着恢复年龄的增长，植物总覆盖率显着增加，并迅速达到参考值。但是，原始木本植物的覆盖物在最古老的地方掉落了，非本地物种占主导地位。与参考相比，恢复地点的甲虫丰度总是较低，随年龄增加，尽管并不显着。在恢复地点，植物物种和甲虫科的丰富度均较低，并且未显示出向参考值的任何趋势。最后，使用非度量多维标度，来自恢复点的植物和甲虫群落的组成与参考明显分离。恢复工作已成功地修改了采石场后的遗址，但仍然存在很大差异，这可能很大程度上与使用非本地物种有关 在恢复地点，植物物种和甲虫家族的丰富度均较低，并且未显示出向参考值的任何趋势。最后，使用非度量多维标度，来自恢复点的植物和甲虫群落的组成与参考明显分离。恢复工作已成功地修改了采石场后的遗址，但仍然存在很大差异，这可能很大程度上与使用非本地物种有关 在恢复地点，植物物种和甲虫家族的丰富度均较低，并且未显示出向参考值的任何趋势。最后，使用非度量多维标度，来自恢复点的植物和甲虫群落的组成与参考明显分离。恢复工作已成功地修改了采石场后的遗址，但仍然存在很大差异，这可能很大程度上与使用非本地物种有关halepensis松在恢复计划中。在恢复地点的哈尔滨假单胞菌高覆盖率极大地影响了生态系统的结构，最有可能也影响了生态系统的功能以及相关的生态系统服务，从而导致偏离参考值并损害了恢复成功。