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Trait‐dependency of trophic interactions in zooplankton food webs
Oikos ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1111/oik.06783
Florian Vincent 1 , Andrea Bertolo 2 , Gérard Lacroix 1, 3 , Maud Mouchet 4 , Eric Edeline 1, 5
Affiliation  

Anthropogenic change in the abundance or identity of dominant top predators may induce reorganizations in whole food webs. Predicting these reorganizations requires identifying the biological rules that govern trophic niches. However, we still lack a detailed understanding of the respective contributions of body size, behaviour (e.g. match between predator hunting mode and prey antipredator strategy), phylogeny and/or ontogeny in determining both the presence and strength of trophic interactions. Here, we address this question by measuring zooplankton numerical response to fish predators in lake enclosures. We compared the fit to zooplankton count data of models grouping zooplankters based either on 1) body sizes, 2) antipredator behaviour, 3) body size combined with antipredator behaviour or on 4) phylogeny combined with ontogeny (i.e. different life stages of copepods). Body size was a better predictor of zooplankton numerical response to fish than antipredator behaviour, but combining body size and behaviour provided even better predictions. Models based on phylogeny combined with ontogeny clearly outperformed those based on other zooplankton grouping rules, except when phylogeny was poorly resolved. Removing ontogenetic information plagued the predictive power of the highly‐resolved (genus‐level) phylogenetic grouping but not of medium‐resolved or poorly‐resolved phylogenetic grouping. Our results support the recent use of phylogeny as a superior surrogate for traits controlling trophic niches, and further highlight the added value of combining phylogeny with ontogenetic traits. Further improvements in our mechanistic understanding of how trophic networks are shaped are bound to uncovering the trophic traits captured by phylogeny and ontogeny, but that currently remain hidden to us.

中文翻译:

浮游动物食物网中营养相互作用的特质依赖性

人为改变主要优势捕食者的数量或身份可能会导致整个食物网的重组。预测这些重组需要确定控制营养壁ni的生物学规则。然而,我们仍然缺乏对确定营养相互作用的存在和强度的身体大小,行为(例如,捕食者狩猎模式和猎物反捕食者策略之间的匹配),系统发育和/或个体发育的各自贡献的详细理解。在这里,我们通过测量浮游动物对湖圈中鱼类捕食者的数值响应来解决这个问题。我们比较了基于1)体型,2)抗捕食者行为,3)体型结合抗捕食者行为或基于4)系统发育与个体发育(即个体)的模型将浮游动物分组的模型的拟合度与浮游动物计数数据 pe足类动物的不同生命阶段)。身体大小是浮游动物对鱼的数值反应的最佳预测者,而不是反捕食者的行为,但是将身体大小和行为结合起来甚至可以提供更好的预测。基于系统发育和个体发育的模型明显优于基于其他浮游动物分组规则的模型,除非系统发育的解析较差。删除个体信息会影响高度分辨(属水平)的系统发育分组的预测能力,而不会影响中等分辨或较差分辨的系统发育分组的预测能力。我们的结果支持系统发育作为控制营养小生境的优良替代品的最新使用,并进一步突出了将系统发育与个体发育性状相结合的附加价值。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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