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Birds rarely hybridize: A citizen science approach to estimating rates of hybridization in the wild
Evolution ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-21 , DOI: 10.1111/evo.13943 Nicholas M. Justyn 1 , Corey T. Callaghan 2 , Geoffrey E. Hill 1
Evolution ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-21 , DOI: 10.1111/evo.13943 Nicholas M. Justyn 1 , Corey T. Callaghan 2 , Geoffrey E. Hill 1
Affiliation
The rate of hybridization among taxa is a central consideration in any discussion of speciation, but rates of hybridization are difficult to estimate in most wild populations of animals. We used a successful citizen science dataset, eBird, to estimate the rates of hybridization for wild birds in the United States. We calculated the frequency at which hybrid individuals belonging to different species, families, and orders of birds were observed. Between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2018, a total of 334,770,194 species records were reported to eBird within the United States. Of this total, 212,875 or 0.064% were reported as hybrids. This estimate is higher than the rate of hybridization (0.00167%) reported by Mayr based on impressions from a career studying museum specimens. However, if the 10 most influential hybrid species are removed from the eBird dataset, the rate of hybridization decreases substantially to about 0.009%. We conclude that the rate of hybridization for individuals in most bird species is extremely low, even though the potential for birds to produce fertile offspring through hybrid crosses is high. These findings indicate that there is strong prezygotic selection working in most avian species.
中文翻译:
鸟类很少杂交:估计野外杂交率的公民科学方法
分类群之间的杂交率是任何物种形成讨论的核心考虑因素,但很难估计大多数野生动物种群的杂交率。我们使用成功的公民科学数据集 eBird 来估计美国野生鸟类的杂交率。我们计算了观察到属于不同物种、科和鸟类目的杂交个体的频率。在 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间,美国境内的 eBird 总共报告了 334,770,194 条物种记录。其中,212,875 或 0.064% 被报告为混合动力车。这一估计高于 Mayr 根据研究博物馆标本的职业印象报告的杂交率 (0.00167%)。然而,如果从 eBird 数据集中删除 10 个最具影响力的杂交物种,杂交率将大幅降低至约 0.009%。我们得出结论,尽管鸟类通过杂交产生可育后代的潜力很高,但大多数鸟类物种的个体杂交率极低。这些发现表明在大多数鸟类物种中存在强大的合子前选择。
更新日期:2020-03-21
中文翻译:
鸟类很少杂交:估计野外杂交率的公民科学方法
分类群之间的杂交率是任何物种形成讨论的核心考虑因素,但很难估计大多数野生动物种群的杂交率。我们使用成功的公民科学数据集 eBird 来估计美国野生鸟类的杂交率。我们计算了观察到属于不同物种、科和鸟类目的杂交个体的频率。在 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间,美国境内的 eBird 总共报告了 334,770,194 条物种记录。其中,212,875 或 0.064% 被报告为混合动力车。这一估计高于 Mayr 根据研究博物馆标本的职业印象报告的杂交率 (0.00167%)。然而,如果从 eBird 数据集中删除 10 个最具影响力的杂交物种,杂交率将大幅降低至约 0.009%。我们得出结论,尽管鸟类通过杂交产生可育后代的潜力很高,但大多数鸟类物种的个体杂交率极低。这些发现表明在大多数鸟类物种中存在强大的合子前选择。