Buildings represent a critical piece of a low‐carbon future, and their long lifetime necessitates urgent adoption of state‐of‐the‐art performance standards to avoid significant lock‐in risk regarding long‐lasting technology solution choices. Buildings, mobility, and energy systems are closely linked, and assessing their nexus by aiming for Zero Emission Neighborhoods (ZENs) provides a unique chance to contribute to climate change mitigation. We conducted a life‐cycle assessment of a Norwegian ZEN and designed four scenarios to test the influence of the house size, household size, and energy used and produced in the buildings as well as mobility patterns. We ran our scenarios with different levels of decarbonization of the electricity mix over a period of 60 years. Our results show the importance of the operational phases of both the buildings and mobility in the neighborhood's construction, and its decline over time induced by the decarbonization of the electricity mix. At the neighborhood end‐of‐life, embodied emissions then become responsible for the majority of the emissions when the electricity mix is decarbonized. The choice of functional unit is decisive, and we thus argue for the use of a primary functional unit “per neighborhood,” and a second “per person.” The use of a “per m²” functional unit is misleading as it does not give credits to the precautionary use of floor area. To best mitigate climate change, climate‐positive behaviors should be combined with energy efficiency standards that incorporate embodied energy, and absolute threshold should be combined with behavioral changes.

中文翻译：

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零排放社区的生命周期评估模型

建筑物是低碳未来的重要组成部分，它们的使用寿命长，因此迫切需要采用最新的性能标准，以避免因长期使用技术解决方案而产生的重大锁定风险。建筑物，移动性和能源系统紧密相连，通过针对零排放社区（ZEN）进行评估来评估其联系，这为缓解气候变化做出了独特的机会。我们对挪威ZEN进行了生命周期评估，并设计了四种方案来测试房屋大小，家庭规模以及建筑物中使用和生产的能源以及出行方式的影响。在60年的时间里，我们对情景进行了不同程度的电力脱碳。我们的结果表明，建筑物运营阶段和邻里建筑流动性的重要性，以及由于电力结构的脱碳而导致的随着时间推移而下降的重要性。然后，在邻域报废时，当电力混合物被脱碳时，包含的排放就成为大部分排放的原因。功能单元的选择是决定性的，因此我们主张使用主要功能单元“每个邻域”和第二个“每个人”。使用“每米 因此，我们主张使用主要功能单元“每个邻域”和第二个“每个人”。使用“每米 因此，我们主张使用主要功能单元“每个邻域”和第二个“每个人”。使用“每米²英寸功能单元具有误导性，因为它没有考虑到地板的预防性使用。为了最好地缓解气候变化，应将气候积极行为与包含具体能源的能效标准相结合，并将绝对阈值与行为变化相结合。