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Selection of indicators for assessing and managing the impacts of bottom trawling on seabed habitats
Journal of Applied Ecology ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-17 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13617 Jan Geert Hiddink 1 , Michel J. Kaiser 1 , Marija Sciberras 1 , Robert A. McConnaughey 2 , Tessa Mazor 3 , Ray Hilborn 4 , Jeremy S. Collie 5 , C. Roland Pitcher 3 , Ana M. Parma 6 , Petri Suuronen 7 , Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp 8 , Simon Jennings 9, 10, 11
Journal of Applied Ecology ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-17 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13617 Jan Geert Hiddink 1 , Michel J. Kaiser 1 , Marija Sciberras 1 , Robert A. McConnaughey 2 , Tessa Mazor 3 , Ray Hilborn 4 , Jeremy S. Collie 5 , C. Roland Pitcher 3 , Ana M. Parma 6 , Petri Suuronen 7 , Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp 8 , Simon Jennings 9, 10, 11
Affiliation
Bottom trawl fisheries are the most widespread source of anthropogenic physical disturbance to seabed habitats. Development of fisheries-, conservation- and ecosystem-based management strategies requires the selection of indicators of the impact of bottom trawling on the state of benthic biota. Many indicators have been proposed, but no rigorous test of a range of candidate indicators against nine commonly agreed criteria (concreteness, theoretical basis, public awareness, cost, measurement, historical data, sensitivity, responsiveness, specificity) has been performed. Here, we collated data from 41 studies that compared the benthic biota in trawled areas with those in control locations (that were either not trawled or trawled infrequently), examining seven potential indicators (numbers and biomass for individual taxa and whole communities, evenness, Shannon–Wiener diversity and species richness) to assess their performance against the set of nine criteria. The effects of trawling were stronger on whole-community numbers and biomass than for individual taxa. Species richness was also negatively affected by trawling but other measures of diversity were not. Community numbers and biomass met all criteria, taxa numbers and biomass and species richness satisfied most criteria, but evenness and Shannon–Wiener diversity did not respond to trawling and only met few criteria, and hence are not suitable state indicators of the effect of bottom trawling. Synthesis and applications. An evaluation of each candidate indicator against a commonly agreed suite of desirable properties coupled with the outputs of our meta-analysis showed that whole-community numbers of individuals and biomass are the most suitable indicators of bottom trawling impacts as they performed well on all criteria. Strengths of these indicators are that they respond strongly to trawling, relate directly to ecosystem functioning and are straightforward to measure. Evenness and Shannon–Wiener diversity are not responsive to trawling and unsuitable for the monitoring and assessment of bottom trawl impacts.
中文翻译:
选择用于评估和管理底拖网捕捞对海底生境影响的指标
底拖网渔业是对海底生境造成人为物理干扰的最普遍来源。制定基于渔业、保护和生态系统的管理战略需要选择底拖网捕捞对底栖生物群状态影响的指标。已经提出了许多指标,但没有根据九个共同商定的标准(具体性、理论基础、公众意识、成本、衡量、历史数据、敏感性、响应性、特异性)对一系列候选指标进行严格测试。在这里,我们整理了 41 项研究的数据,这些研究将拖网捕捞区的底栖生物群与对照地点的底栖生物区系(未进行拖网捕捞或很少进行拖网捕捞)进行了比较,检查了七个潜在指标(单个分类群和整个社区的数量和生物量,均匀度、香农-维纳多样性和物种丰富度)以根据九个标准评估它们的表现。拖网捕捞对整个社区数量和生物量的影响比对单个分类群的影响更大。物种丰富度也受到拖网捕捞的负面影响,但其他多样性衡量标准则没有。群落数量和生物量满足所有标准,分类群数量和生物量和物种丰富度满足大多数标准,但均匀度和香农-维纳多样性对拖网捕捞没有反应,只满足很少的标准,因此不是底拖网捕捞效果的合适状态指标. 合成与应用。根据共同商定的一组理想属性对每个候选指标的评估以及我们的荟萃分析的结果表明,整个社区的个体数量和生物量是最合适的底拖网捕捞影响指标,因为它们在所有标准上都表现良好。这些指标的优势在于它们对拖网捕捞反应强烈,与生态系统功能直接相关并且易于衡量。Evenness 和 Shannon-Wiener 多样性对拖网捕捞没有反应,不适合监测和评估底拖网的影响。
更新日期:2020-04-17
中文翻译:
选择用于评估和管理底拖网捕捞对海底生境影响的指标
底拖网渔业是对海底生境造成人为物理干扰的最普遍来源。制定基于渔业、保护和生态系统的管理战略需要选择底拖网捕捞对底栖生物群状态影响的指标。已经提出了许多指标,但没有根据九个共同商定的标准(具体性、理论基础、公众意识、成本、衡量、历史数据、敏感性、响应性、特异性)对一系列候选指标进行严格测试。在这里,我们整理了 41 项研究的数据,这些研究将拖网捕捞区的底栖生物群与对照地点的底栖生物区系(未进行拖网捕捞或很少进行拖网捕捞)进行了比较,检查了七个潜在指标(单个分类群和整个社区的数量和生物量,均匀度、香农-维纳多样性和物种丰富度)以根据九个标准评估它们的表现。拖网捕捞对整个社区数量和生物量的影响比对单个分类群的影响更大。物种丰富度也受到拖网捕捞的负面影响,但其他多样性衡量标准则没有。群落数量和生物量满足所有标准,分类群数量和生物量和物种丰富度满足大多数标准,但均匀度和香农-维纳多样性对拖网捕捞没有反应,只满足很少的标准,因此不是底拖网捕捞效果的合适状态指标. 合成与应用。根据共同商定的一组理想属性对每个候选指标的评估以及我们的荟萃分析的结果表明,整个社区的个体数量和生物量是最合适的底拖网捕捞影响指标,因为它们在所有标准上都表现良好。这些指标的优势在于它们对拖网捕捞反应强烈,与生态系统功能直接相关并且易于衡量。Evenness 和 Shannon-Wiener 多样性对拖网捕捞没有反应,不适合监测和评估底拖网的影响。