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Simulating effects of fitness and dispersal on the use of Trojan sex chromosomes for the management of invasive species
Journal of Applied Ecology ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-17 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13616
Casey C. Day 1 , Erin L. Landguth 1 , Ryan K. Simmons 2 , William P. Baker 3 , Andrew R. Whiteley 4 , Paul M. Lukacs 4 , Andrew Bearlin 2
Affiliation  

  1. The use of Trojan Y chromosomes (TYC) for controlling invasive species involves manipulating the sex chromosomes of captive‐raised individuals. Following release, the offspring of these individuals consist of only one sex, thereby skewing the sex ratio of the invasive population and potentially leading to eradication. Simulation models are needed that can inform managers about how to maximize the likelihood of invasive species eradication, since implementation of this novel management approach in the field is still rare.
  2. Here, we present the first spatially explicit, mechanistic simulation model of a real‐world TYC program for invasive species eradication. Using a brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis system model, we investigated the effects of competitive and reproductive fitness of the captive‐raised YY males, dispersal behaviour upon their release and landscape heterogeneity on eradication success.
  3. Likelihood of eradication was dependent on both the competitive and reproductive fitness of the Trojan individuals. Competitive fitness (i.e. survival) had a higher threshold for eradication, below which the invasive populations were not eradicated.
  4. Movement ecology of both the wild and YY male populations was important for eradication. Under a restricted dispersal scenario for YY males following their release, the wild population was not extirpated but maintained a stable, yet reduced, population size. Analysis of landscape configuration indicated that time to eradication of local patches increased with greater connectivity within the stream network.
  5. In addition to sex ratio distortion, density‐dependent mortality resulting from outplantings made an important contribution to population decline and therefore may also affect native competitors.
  6. Synthesis and applications. The use of Trojan sex chromosomes to skew population sex ratios is a novel method for the suppression and eradication of aquatic invasive species. Results from our modelling work indicate that while eradication is possible, maximizing its likelihood requires an understanding of the fitness and movement ecology of both the wild and YY male populations of the invasive species. Both our model and the principles derived from this study related to fitness and behavioural landscape ecology can be broadly applied to other invaded species and systems.


中文翻译:

模拟适应度和分散度对使用Trojan性染色体进行入侵物种管理的影响

  1. 使用特洛伊Y染色体(TYC)控制入侵物种涉及操纵圈养个体的性染色体。释放后,这些人的后代仅由一种性别组成,从而歪曲了入侵人群的性别比例,并有可能导致根除。需要模拟模型,该模型可以告知管理人员如何最大程度地消除入侵物种,因为在该领域中仍然很少采用这种新颖的管理方法。
  2. 在这里,我们介绍了用于消灭入侵物种的真实TYC程序的第一个空间显式机械仿真模型。我们使用溪鳟Salvelinus fontinalis系统模型研究了圈养的YY雄性的竞争和生殖健康,其释放时的分散行为以及对消除成功的景观异质性的影响。
  3. 根除木马的可能性取决于木马个体的竞争能力和生殖能力。竞争适应性(即生存)具有较高的根除门槛,低于此门槛则无法根除侵入性人群。
  4. 野外和YY男性种群的运动生态学对于根除其重要意义。在YY雄性被释放后的散布情况受到严格限制的情况下,野生种群没有被灭绝,但种群数量保持稳定但仍在减少。对景观配置的分析表明,随着流网络内更大的连接性,消除本地补丁的时间会增加。
  5. 除了性别比例畸变外,移栽造成的依赖密度的死亡率也是人口下降的重要原因,因此也可能影响本地竞争者。
  6. 综合与应用。使用特洛伊性染色体来改变种群性别比例是一种抑制和根除水生入侵物种的新方法。我们建模工作的结果表明,虽然可以根除,但要最大程度地消除,则需要了解入侵物种的野生和YY雄性种群的适应性和运动生态。我们的模型和从本研究中得出的与适应度和行为景观生态学相关的原理都可以广泛地应用于其他入侵物种和系统。
更新日期:2020-04-17
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